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Environment => Wonders of Nature => Topic started by: AGelbert on July 22, 2015, 03:10:18 pm

Title: Life Forms That Defy Scientific Taxonomy
Post by: AGelbert on July 22, 2015, 03:10:18 pm
The amazing sea horse

by David Juhasz

The Creator offers few sights more incredible, and yet more delicately beautiful, than a living sea horse. It swims erect and slowly, with its tail twisting forward to perhaps grip a seaweed frond, while its alert eyes search for food or danger.

Sea horses make popular saltwater aquarium pets, and any public aquarium with them draws enthralled groups thronging to watch these elegant fish drifting around their tanks. Sometimes sea horses meet in midstream and tangle their curling tails. Then, just as elegantly, they uncoil them from each other and sedately swim away.

(https://richcoast.files.wordpress.com/2014/12/herd.jpg)
Sometimes seahorses meet in midstream and tangle their curling tails.


Sea horses usually live along the shore, among seaweed and other plants. They have only one mate, and generally don’t travel more than a few metres. Their size varies from about four to 30 centimetres (1½–12 inches), and they continue to grow throughout their three years of life.

There are various species of sea horses, including the dwarf sea horse (an Atlantic form smaller than any other), a brown sea horse of Europe, a large brown or blackish Pacific sea horse, and a medium-sized sea horse of Australia.

Unique creation

So unique is the sea horse that it is difficult to accept, as the evolutionists would like us to, that it is the product of purposeless evolutionary forces. In fact, study the sea horse carefully and you find evidence that points to its being wonderfully designed by God the Creator.

A protective bony armour cleverly protects it from imminent danger. So strong is this armour that it is almost impossible to crush a dried dead sea horse in your hands. Its tough skeleton makes it unappetizing for predators, so sea horses are usually left alone.

The female is totally enclosed in this protective armour, while the male is similarly enclosed except for the lower part of its abdomen. The armour surrounding its body often shows a number of bony rings.

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The sea horse is unique among fishes in that its head is set at right angles to its body. It swims with its body held upright. It can bend its head down or up, but not from side to side. The inability to move its head from side to side would in other creatures create problems, but the Creator in His wisdom has designed the sea horse’s eyes to move independently, swivelling about to watch each side.

The sea horse uses its fins to swim vertically, and rises or sinks by cleverly altering the volume of gas within its swim bladder. If this bladder is damaged, and it loses even a tiny bit of gas, it sinks to the bottom, where it will lie helpless until death.

If the sea horse is the product of evolution, we must ask how this creature managed to survive while its bladder evolved? The whole idea of the sea horse’s complex bladder evolving by trial and error is unimaginable. Clearly, it is more reasonable to believe it was created through the work of the Master Designer.

Babies arrive by male!   :o  ;D

(https://speakzeasy.files.wordpress.com/2015/02/beautiful-baby-sea-horse-with-his-mother.jpg)

Probably the most amazing, if not bizarre, aspect of the sea horse is that the male gives birth to its live young. This strange phenomenon has been known for only the past century or so.

The male has at the base of its abdomen, where it lacks armour plating, a large skin pouch and a slit-like opening. The female lays the eggs directly into this pouch, where the male fertilizes them as they are deposited.

She may continue laying eggs until the pouch is full, perhaps with as many as 600 eggs. The lining inside the pouch becomes sponge-like and filled with blood vessels which play some part in nourishing the eggs. This is an extraordinary characteristic of the male sea horse. Egg-laying complete, the dad-to-be swims off with his swollen pouch—a living baby carriage.

Egg-laying complete, the dad-to-be swims off with his swollen pouch—a living baby carriage.

One or two months later he gives birth to tiny replicas of the adults. The little bundles of joy are squirted out until the pouch is empty. At times dad may use quite forceful muscular contractions to eject the last of his brood. It is an incredible sight when the young pour forth, and the process of giving birth is exhausting for father sea horse. Baby sea horses are not called ‘sea foals’—just ‘young’.

Evolution is at a loss to account for the sea horse’s reproductive functions. The whole process is simply too unorthodox. Indeed, the whole make-up of the sea horse is something of an enigma, if one tries to explain it as a product of evolution. As one authority said some years ago, ‘The “sea horse”? is in a similar category with the platypus, as far as evolution is concerned: it presents an enigma that baffles and frustrates all theories that seek to account for it! Admit the Divine Designer, and all is accounted for.’1

Fossil problem for evolutionists ;D

Design is evident in the seahorse, but the fossil record is another problem for those who believe sea horses have evolved. The evolutionist needs fossils showing a gradual development of lower animal life into the more complex sea horse to establish that the sea horse is the result of evolutionary processes over millions of years. Unfortunately for the evolutionist, ‘fossil sea horses are unknown’.2

Like countless creatures of the sea, sky and land, there is no link connecting the sea horse to any other form of life. Like all other basic kinds of creatures, the complex sea horse appears to have been created suddenly, as the book of Genesis implies.

Editor’s note: As Creation magazine has been continuously published since 1978, we are publishing some of the articles from the archives for historical interest, such as this. For teaching and sharing purposes, readers are advised to supplement these historic articles with more up-to-date ones suggested in the Related Articles and Further Reading below.


Related Articles
The Sea Horse
Enter the sea dragon
Pygmy pipehorse pipe dream

Further Reading
Giraffes
Marvellous Meerkats
Heard of elephants?
Hippo habits
Evolution of the rhinoceros? Preposterous!
Camels—confirmation of creation
Dugongs: ‘sirens’ of the sea
The Australian dingo—a wolf in dog’s clothing
Amazing armoured armadillos of the Americas
The bamboozling panda
The Sulawesi Bear Cuscus
The Colugo Challenge
Aye-aye
Spectacular, surprising seals
Catching a kinkajou
Squirrels!
The opossum’s tale
The platypus

http://creation.com/the-amazing-sea-horse
Dear deer—when white ‘mutants’ have a selective advantage
Bears across the world …
The Mole
Sea lilies and starfish—splendours of the sea
Beetles … nature's workaholics
Fascinating cuttlefish
Bats—sophistication in miniature
Rats: no evolution!
Frogs—Jeremiah was not a bullfrog
Creation’s Crustaceans
http://creation.com/the-amazing-sea-horse
Title: Re: Life Forms That Defy Scientific Taxonomy
Post by: AGelbert on March 20, 2017, 02:30:20 pm
(https://renewablerevolution.createaforum.com/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Frenewablerevolution.createaforum.com%2Fgallery%2Frenewablerevolution%2F3-200317134631.png&hash=3ec83ab2cb9a9acaf485fff7312df6381c25c2fd)

How the water bear defies death even in the vacuum of space by wrapping its cells in glass

Tibi Puiu March 20, 2017

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Tardigrade - otherwise know as a water bear

Tardigrades are the toughest, most resilient animals we know of. They can survive temperatures from 1 K (−458 °F; −272 °C) to about 420 K (300 °F; 150 °C), pressures six times greater than those found in the deepest ocean trenches, ionizing radiation at doses hundreds of times higher than the lethal dose for a human, and the vacuum of outer space. One tardigrade female was brought back to life after being frozen for 30 years then birthed 14 healthy babies.

Water bear don’t care  ;D

Simply put, the tardigrade, also known as the water bear, is the most extreme survivalist out there. (https://renewablerevolution.createaforum.com/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pic4ever.com%2Fimages%2Fcowboypistol.gif&hash=2dc97f743dffca22404e6e4e0822765e60b33f38)  If there’s an animal that knows how to make it against all odds, it’s this guy and, as you might imagine, a lot of people are interested to find out what its secret weapons are.

The water bear is able to withstand such extreme conditions by going into a sort of safe mode, as it dries up into a little barrel called a tun. In this form, neither heat, cold or the wretched vacuum of space can kill it. Essentially, the tiny bear which is smaller than 1 millimeter enters a state called anhydrobiosis during which the metabolism shuts down.

Now, researchers from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill have found another ace up the water bear’s sleeve. During a dry spell when water is scarce anti-dehydrating proteins called tardigrade-specific intrinsically disordered proteins (TDPs) become vitrified. When this happens all the tardigrade’s dehydration-sensitive tissue and cells become protected by a glass surface. This way, sensitive proteins and other biological molecules are locked in place. They can’t fold, they can’t break apart nor can they aggregate together, which explains how the animal can survive in space and then come back to life like nothing happened within an hour.

ALSO READ: We should prepare for bad surprises in the Arctic climate, new report finds (http://www.zmescience.com/ecology/arctic-report-climate-29112016/)

A team of scientists led by Thomas Boothby intentionally subjected the tardigrades to conditions that would force them to dry out. Meanwhile, they carefully monitored the animal’s gene activity. Boothby and colleagues noticed a spike of activity in a group of genes when the TDPs were produced. When such genes were blocked through genetic engineering, the tardigrade died of dehydration.

When bacteria and yeast were artificially infused with the aforementioned genes, these became much more resilient in the face of dehydration. This remarkable experiment suggests that, at least partly, the tardigrade’s tricks can be passed down to creatures. (https://renewablerevolution.createaforum.com/gallery/renewablerevolution/1/3-250718211017.gif)

For instance, one (https://renewablerevolution.createaforum.com/gallery/renewablerevolution/1/3-120818184307-1632656.gif) interesting idea (https://renewablerevolution.createaforum.com/gallery/renewablerevolution/2/3-070921161911.gif) would be to produce new genetically modified crops that carry TDP genes to help them survive droughts. California’s worst drought in history, which is still not over and sure as heck isn’t the last, serves as a reminder that such crops are badly needed.   

(https://renewablerevolution.createaforum.com/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.createaforum.com%2Fgallery%2Frenewablerevolution%2F3-090315203150.png&hash=c52cac3e4572a3609fd1a46ef50b96a57ce04554)

Previously, a 2008 study concluded that the tardigrade’s anhydrobiosis is linked to specialized sugars called trehalose. Tree frogs use the same sugar molecules to come with dry environments as well but not everyone was convinced the water bear uses the same mechanism because the study could only find trehalose-linked processes in only one species of tardigrade. Indeed, Boothby found tardigrades either don’t make or make very little amounts of trehalose.

It’s amazing however that TDPs work much in the same way as trehalose — they both protect cells by forming literally glass structures. So, what we’re essentially dealing with is yet another textbook example of convergent evolution (https://renewablerevolution.createaforum.com/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pic4ever.com%2Fimages%2Fugly004.gif&hash=c56db4280057389afd154a1cb4057410151579c8)— two animals (tardigrade and tree frog) totally unrelated from each other who evolved (https://renewablerevolution.createaforum.com/gallery/renewablerevolution/3-251117175700.png) the same adaptive trait.

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Agelbert NOTE: "Convergent Evolution" is one of those Darwinian Religion Euphemisms that true Darwinian believer scientists come up with when are faced with NON-Evolution but decide to stick the word, "evolution" into a mechanism that provides ZERO evidence for it. And then they, with chins held high and a haughty look in their eye, say Creationists are closed minded.  ::)

Another water bear trick involves using other proteins to shield its DNA against radiation. (https://renewablerevolution.createaforum.com/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.createaforum.com%2Fgallery%2Frenewablerevolution%2F3-080515182559.png&hash=d4dfa952fa0f817bf30a8059a4c88d6fb05ee1bf) A previous research found  17.5 percent of a tardigrade’s genome was comprised of foreign DNA, including genes from bacterial species that can withstand extreme pressure and heat.

Next, the researchers plan on investigating other animals and even plant seeds which seem to survive desiccation to see whether they use the same proteins. Besides drought-resistant crops, such investigations might one day lead to amazing practical applications. One immediate application could be a new medium for storing vaccines and pharmaceuticals at room temperature by using dehydration instead of refrigeration. A much farther away application might involve dehydrating people to induce a hibernation-like state, which could be useful in interstellar flight.

(https://renewablerevolution.createaforum.com/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fcdn.zmescience.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2017%2F03%2Ftumblr_n2ngurdH5K1tsa4gno1_500.gif&hash=0cc844024d4aa826e6b3eec769f67ff70341c641)

Journal ref: T.C. Boothby et al., “Tardigrades use intrinsically disordered proteins to survive desiccation,” Molecular Cell, doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2017.02.018, 2017.

http://www.zmescience.com/science/news-science/water-bear-glass-protein/

Agelbert NOTE: The Humble Tardigrades may very well Inherit the Earth. 
(https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/8f/53/a0/8f53a09c9eaa9565e80341dfc9c779b1.jpg)
Title: Re: Life Forms That Defy Scientific Taxonomy
Post by: AGelbert on April 21, 2017, 09:00:21 pm


 (https://renewablerevolution.createaforum.com/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Frenewablerevolution.createaforum.com%2Fgallery%2Frenewablerevolution%2F3-200317134631.png&hash=3ec83ab2cb9a9acaf485fff7312df6381c25c2fd)

The African naked mole-rat can keep its brain alive for more than 5 hours with no oxygen  :o

Last updated on April 21st, 2017  at 2:30 pm by Alexandru Micu

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There’s no metabolic tweak that would make them less ugly though.
Image credits Thomas Park / UIC.  (https://renewablerevolution.createaforum.com/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pic4ever.com%2Fimages%2F4fvfcja.gif&hash=34a9a570347d39a0a892bc1f376c5e8b88add6b5)

You know what would really ruin your day? A lack of oxygen.  (https://renewablerevolution.createaforum.com/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.desismileys.com%2Fsmileys%2Fdesismileys_0293.gif&hash=b1af4868ed8f18c30e637f8cbcb79002f6f71039)

But that’s only because we’re humans and not the awesome Heterocephalus glaber or African naked mole-rat. Individuals of this species are used to living jam-packed with hundreds of their kin in small, poorly-ventilated burrows — where the oxygen-o-meter often falls below breathable levels. So the hairless critters have evolved (https://renewablerevolution.createaforum.com/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.coh2.org%2Fimages%2FSmileys%2Fhuhsign.gif&hash=3732d0427be65896527fc3805c5be54a33cffd3b)(https://renewablerevolution.createaforum.com/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.desismileys.com%2Fsmileys%2Fdesismileys_2932.gif&hash=0eaec4791a5825821998245e7fcd7744b56557fe) to counteract this by copying a part of the plant metabolism. Understanding how their bodies do this could open the way to treatments for patients suffering crises of oxygen deprivation, as in heart attacks and strokes.

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“This is just the latest remarkable discovery about the naked mole-rat — a cold-blooded mammal that lives decades longer than other rodents, rarely gets cancer, and doesn’t feel many types of pain,” says Thomas Park, professor of biological sciences at the University of Illinois at Chicago and lead author of the study.

The team exposed naked mole-rats to low oxygen conditions in lab settings, and subsequently found high concentrations of fructose in their bloodstream. This compound was shuttled to neurons via molecular fructose pumps which are only used in the intestine walls of all other mammal species. Park’s team reports that when oxygen levels fall, the naked mole-rats’ brain cells begin metabolizing fructose, a process which releases energy without needing any oxygen. Up to now, this metabolic pathway was only documented in plants — so finding it in the moles was a big surprise.

Fructose metabolism allows the moles to live more than five hours through oxygen levels low enough to kill a human in minutes. Since only their brains are kept at full power by the compound, the moles enter a state of suspended animation in which they exhibit drastically reduced movement and a much lower pulse and breathing rate to save up on energy. It’s the only mammal known to use a suspended-animation state to power through oxygen deprivation.

They’re also seemingly immune to pulmonary edemas — the buildup of fluid which clogs the lungs of mammals in low-oxygen environments, such as climbers at high altitude.

“The naked mole-rat has simply rearranged some basic building-blocks of metabolism  (https://renewablerevolution.createaforum.com/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pic4ever.com%2Fimages%2Fbc3.gif&hash=e80a574cef1f1cd31dc58d76fe36b5ffb7fe7d5b) to make it super-tolerant to low oxygen conditions,” park adds.

The full paper “Fructose-driven glycolysis supports anoxia resistance in the naked mole-rat” has been published in the journal Science.

http://www.zmescience.com/ecology/animals-ecology/mole-rat-brain-fructose/

Agelbert NOTE: The claim that the naked mole rate "evolved" this ability to survive without oxygen is an assumption lacking evidence.

Until they PROVE that, at one time, the metabolism of Heterocephalus glaber did NOT have this ability coded into it's DNA as a potential ADAPTATION from the ORIGINAL DNA package, it is irresponsible, as well as scientifically inaccurate, to equate adaptation with evolution.

They also need to prove that Heterocephalus glaber burrow populations were once well ventilated or/and had small populations not requiring this ability.

Scientists would have to document the DNA genome difference when the moles obtained that ability. If there is NO DNA difference, there is NO evolution.

A gene coding sequence that is dormant and gets triggered by environmental conditions is NOT a change in the package and is called  ADAPTATION, not Evolution.

Natural Selection is a SUBTRACTIVE process. There is NO evidence that Natural Selection is an additive process.

Rant follows after a simplistic, reductionist video ("allegations of harm by some technology are scientifically invalid bullshit if you personally cannot test the hypothesis") made by an Evolution True Believer that distorts the scientific method AND completely avoids the mention of the Precautionary Principle of Science.

https://youtu.be/oVnuFY20st0

There are many occasions in our lives when a hypothesis cannot be tested. However, the Precautionary Principle of science dictates that a potentially harmful activity, such as vaccination, burning fossil fuels, hormone disrupting chemicals from chemical plant pollutants, ETC. must NOT be allowed to continue.

(https://aramblingwanderer.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/p10.gif)

Also, Evolution is not considered BS, but, so far (and believe me, they have tried FOR OVER 20 YEARS with an ongoing E. Coli experiment to see when they "evolve" WITHOUT SUCCESS), they have not been able to test the hypothesis OR obtain any reproducibility in regard to evolution.

Nevertheless, every single competing theory has been discarded BY THE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY as being "unscientific"...

Have you heard about the scientific community consensus that, because the Fibonacci ratio, and a few more sine qua non conditions required for life in our universe, are totally NON-RANDOM, we therefore must be inhabiting a matrix, rather than a universe created by a Supreme Being (i.e. God). So what happened to Occam's razor THERE, huh?

And spare me the six day creation mockery. The Bible is not a science book!
But Fibonacci down to the QUANTUM LEVEL is evidence of a creator, not a matrix.

Now you can claim we are just a randomly perfect universe in an endless amount of lifeless universes. AGAIN, you discard Occam's Razor and reach for your Atheist endowment bias. And then you claim you don't believe BS. LOL!

Someday, when scientists decide to stop confusing ADAPTATION from a pre-existing DNA package with "evolution", the evolutionists will stop believing in Bullshit. Natural Selection is a SUBTRACTIVE process in complex organisms, despite the ability of bacteria to take up plasmids randomly and mutate. The "bacteria mutated to become complex organisms" dog won't hunt in ANY serious use of the Scientific Method, simply because you CANNOT TEST THAT HYPOTHESIS.

The hypothesis that "Natural Selection is a subtractive Process" HAS BEEN TESTED. Why do you evolutionists refuse to accept the Scientific Method RESULTS?
Have a nice day.

http://renewablerevolution.createaforum.com/general-discussion/darwin/msg6917/#msg6917