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Author Topic: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️  (Read 116551 times)

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AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1080 on: September 28, 2017, 06:34:19 pm »



Robert Reich: The Resistance Report 9/11/17


Inequality Media Civic Action

Published on Sep 11, 2017

Join me on today’s Resistance Report, where we’re talking about how climate change exposes conservative hypocrisies surrounding regulations and social insurance.




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AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1081 on: September 28, 2017, 08:45:43 pm »
 

 September 28, 2017

Trump Sees Devastated Puerto Rico as Captive Market

Refusing to waive shipping restrictions and stressing Wall Street debt obligations, President Trump continues a colonial legacy that hampers Puerto Rico's recovery, says scholar Marisol LeBron


Puerto Rico at night before and after Hurricane Maria
Figure 3. Views of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands at night, before and after Hurricane Maria, from the day-night band of the VIIRS instrument on the Suomi satellite. Power restoration has a long way to go in the wake of the hurricane. Image credit: NASA.


September 27, 2017

Wall Street Got a Bailout, Why Not Puerto Rico?

Puerto Rico was in dire economic straits before Hurricanes Irma and Maria hit, and ongoing US-imposed restrictions will make recovery impossible, says labor leader Hector Figueroa

He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1082 on: September 29, 2017, 04:27:09 pm »

The graph above is errroneous happy talk. I can prove it by focusing on one single data point. THAT is the "CH4 - Waste and Other". Notice that they show a decreased rate of increase to match the rather convenient "slow down" of the increase in human industrial and agricultural activity. This is blatantly false. WHY?

Simply because of the obvious increase in methane emmisions from the documented melting of vast areas of permafrost, never mind the increases in leaks (toxic VOCs plus methane) from abandoned (and active) fracked well sites, (the number of which increases every year) that have boosted methane output, even if the industrial processes from closed drill rigs in the ocean and on land may have reduced methane output from all the flaring they love to "externalize" onto we-the-people.

Then there is that "minor" detail that this "study" seems to have forgotten from Earth biology biosphere basics. Termites are the greatest natural producer of CH4 on the planet. This "study" would have us believe that we are killing off a large percentage of the termites, when anyone with the most basic knowledge of termite biomes knows that all species of termites THRIVE as temperatures increase. Yes friend, the termites are moving north and still doing quite well in the tropics. That means their biomass is increasing. That means the termites, which definitely qualify for the "waste and other" category in this "study", are increasing their CH4 output.

But many profit over planet fools will parade this "study" as "proof" that we are "making progress" towards "reducing" greenhouse gases. Nothing could be further from the truth.

QUOTE:
Methane Sources - Termites

Each termite produces, on average, about half a microgram of methane per day, a seemingly insignificant amount. However, when this is multiplied up by the world population of termites, global methane emission from this source is estimated to be about 20 million tonnes each year.

There are more than 2000 different species of termites and the amounts of methane produced varies considerably between species, with some producing no methane at all. Methane is produced in termite guts, by symbiotic bacteria and protozoa, during food digestion.

Human Impact

The primary impact of humans on termite methane is reduction of emissions through termite habitat destruction. Many of the most important methane producing termite species are found in tropical forest areas, huge swathes of which are destroyed each year for logging, agriculture and housing developments. Additionally, in North America and elsewhere colonies of termites are regularly exterminated due to the threat they pose to wooden structures.

UNQUOTE

http://www.ghgonline.org/methanetermite.htm

The human impact (termite habitat destruction) has been more than counterbalanced by the termite spread north due to global warming AND the methane coming from the melted permafrost. Termites polulation increases are ANOTHER feedback loop that is contributing to the acceleration of global warming.

The "study" in this article is happy talk, period.

I insist they are lowballing, not just the increase of greenhouse gases, but the RATE of increase. The rate of increase has NOT slowed down; it HAS increased.

This NASA satellite is not playing games with the temperature increase or the Carbon Dioxide (and other particulate pollutants and green house gases).

ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE:

SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE:

CARBON DIOXIDE LEVEL (click on any area for read out):

NOTICE that Hawaii,,where the CO2 measurement is taken to determine our "global" increase, is one of the LOWEST CO2 concentration areas of the planet.We are NOT getting the full picture!

CO2 457 PPM!


The globe can be repositioned to see any part of the Earth.

TUTORIAL:



Please pass this on. People need to become citizen scientists. 

The 6th Mass Extinction Event is here * Geologic History shows why CO2 caused Global Warming before
« Last Edit: September 29, 2017, 05:46:54 pm by AGelbert »
He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1083 on: September 29, 2017, 06:00:57 pm »
Quote
Amos Batto • an hour ago

20 megatons of methane from termites equals 680 megatones of CO2-equivalent over a 100 year time frame or 1720 megatons over a 20 year time frame. Either way, termites aren't that big of a factor. Methane emissions from the permifrost and clathrates, however is much more significant. The changing albedo (reflectivity) of the planet as the ice melts is a much larger factor right now, equal to roughly a fourth of all human emissions

agelbert > Amos Batto • 25 minutes ago
The estimate of termite emissions I posted is just that. The termite species biomass versus that of cows argues that iermites must produce more methane than cows and other methane producing domestic animals like pigs.

It is a mistake to think termites are not a significant (i.e. gigatons per year of methane) CH4 source.

Granted, no scientific study wants to deal seriously with this YET. So, for now, you are free to pretend termite methane output is "not a concern".

I am convinced that termite population increases are one more feedback loop accelerating global warming. Cows are supposed to have a species biomass of 530 million tons and termites 445 million tons. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomass_(ecology)

The total cow (2005) biomass estimate is nearly 10 years LATER than the last termite estimate published in 1996. During that time glaicers have been melting and termites have been spreading north. So it is reasonable to accept that termites have a greater biomass than cows as of 2017. And even if they have about the same biomass, remember that termites produce MUCH more methane per unit of body weight than cows.


QUOTE from Termites - Greenhouse Gases - United States EPA:

Termite CH4 emissions estimates vary for several reasons. Researchers have taken different approaches to approximating the number of termites per area for different ecological regions (e.g., cultivated land, temperate grassland, tropical forest) and different species. In addition, the total area per ecological region is not universally agreed upon,. and not all of the area in an ecological region is necessarily capable of supporting termites. For example, cultivated land in Europe and Canada is located in a climatic zone where termites cannot survive. Some researchers have tried to estimate the percentage of each region capable of supporting termites while others have conservatively assumed that all of the area of a given ecological region can support termites. Finally, the contributions to atmospheric CH4 from many other related CH4 sources and sinks associated with termite populations (i. e., tropical soils) are not well understood.

14.2.2 Emissions3-4

The only pollutant of concern from termite activity is CH4. Emissions of CH4 from termites can be approximated by an emission factor derived from laboratory test data. Applying these data to field estimates of termite population to obtain a realistic, large-scale value for CH4 emissions is suspect, but an order-of-magnitude approximation of CH4 emissions can be made. Termite activity also results in the production of carbon dioxide (CO2). These CO2 emissions are part of the regular carbon cycle, and as such should not be included in a greenhouse gas emissions inventory.

Table 14.2-1 reports typical termite densities per ecological region, and Table 14.2-2 provides the CH4 emission factors for species typical to each ecological region.

A critical data gap currently exists in determining the activity rate for these emission factors (which are given in units of mass of CH4 per mass of termite). Estimates of termites per acre are given in Table 14.2-1, but converting the number of termites into a usable mass is difficult. If the species of termite is known or can be determined, then the number of termites or the number of termite nests can be converted into a mass of termites. If the species is not known for a particular area, then a typical value must be used that is representative of the appropriate ecological region. Reference 4 provided information on termite density for various North American species, with an average denisity of 4.86x10-6 lb/worker termite.
UNQUOTE

https://www3.epa.gov/ttnchie1/ap42/ch14/final/c14s02.pdf

Methane is 86 times more potent as a greenhouse gas than CO2. All this is happening because we refuse to accept that we must stop absolutely ALL burning of fossil fuels within a decade or less, not within a feel good slow phase out over 50 years.

Do not assume that science wants to address the hard facts about termite methane production realistically. They would rather talk about cows, to the delight of the Fossil Fuel Industry.

That is part to of the present insanity.

« Last Edit: September 30, 2017, 09:51:10 pm by AGelbert »
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AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1084 on: September 29, 2017, 09:21:52 pm »
GIFs That Show the Effects of Climate Change
Sometimes nothing's as good as just showing people the GIFs.



Arctic ice receding over 15 years in National Geograhic atlases.


National Geographic’s 2014 atlas update had a big change: the tiny Arctic ice sheet. It was the biggest update the publication’s made to their maps since the end of the Soviet Union. Now shipping companies and oil drilling companies are eyeing the Arctic for new shipping routes and drilling opportunities.


The Columbia Glacier in Alaska is one of the most dramatic examples of the effect of climate change on glaciers. The southern side of the glacier has receded 12 miles in 30 years, and the remaining parts of the glacier in the Chugach mountains are thinner.

The Sierra Nevada mountains are looking a little barren these days.

The Yosemite Conservancy has a number of webcams set up around the national park, and these shots from their High Sierra camera, prominently featuring Half Dome, were all taken around the same time each year from 2011 to 2016. The dramatic change in snow cover shows just how bad California’s drought is, even in the mountains.

DestructionDestructionDestructionDestructionDestructionDeforestation in the Amazon for agriculture and development is releasing a lot of CO2 into the atmosphere. In fact, deforestation worldwide is responsible for about 15 percent of CO2 emissions.

https://www.inverse.com/article/24996-scary-climate-change-gifs
« Last Edit: September 29, 2017, 10:44:04 pm by AGelbert »
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AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1085 on: September 30, 2017, 02:32:59 pm »

He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1086 on: September 30, 2017, 08:14:18 pm »
Puerto Ricans Hack Through a Maze of Debris to Move Relief Aid

September 29, 2017 by Bloomberg

Photo: Bloomberg

By Jonathan Levin, Jordyn Holman, Christopher Flavelle and Daniel Flatley (Bloomberg) — A sedan is buried in congealed mud on an impassible road where the Rio Caguitas overflowed in the mountainous community of Bairoa. A guard rail is missing, exposing a perilous drop to the riverbank.

On highways near San Juan, bowed street lights dip low enough to take roofs off trucks, and rain pools formed Thursday where debris blocked drains. A gantlet of parked motorists made mobile-phone calls in rare pockets of connectivity; others sat in half-mile long gas lines snaking around ramps.

With aid for the Hurricane Maria recovery passing through docks already heaped with about 10,000 containers, a major obstacle is restoring the U.S. commonwealth’s 600 miles of major roads, the circulatory system of a bankrupt economy and a battered body politic.

“We need loads of brigades to restore the power lines, to clean the roads,” said Matilda Cordoba of San Juan, who works for Crowley Maritime Corp.’s supply hub there. “To go across the island and go through the mountains? Impossible now.”

Photo: Bloomberg

Alejandro de la Campa, whom President Donald Trump designated last week as the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s coordinating official for the recovery, said priorities included delivering fuel and other commodities, restoring electricity and getting communications systems working.

Blazing Trails

More than 10,000 federal civilian and military personnel are on the island, Homeland Security Adviser Thomas Bossert said at the White House. The Army Corps of Engineers has taken over efforts to restore power, he said, including bringing fuel for generators and getting it where it’s needed.

John Rabin, FEMA’s acting regional administrator for the area, said personnel were “driving through the woods, cutting paths to get to municipalities.”

As of Thursday, eight of nine airports on the island had opened and five of six priority seaports were functioning, according to the U.S. Defense Department. The Northern Command, which is overseeing operations, said Thursday that it expected eight flights delivering food and water, generators, medical supplies and communications gear to land that day.

The triage of road repair is designed to keep those links open. Marines and sailors from the 26th Marine Expeditionary Unit were clearing a path to a site where two towers control all flights coming in to San Juan.

“If those towers lose fuel to their generators, air operations going into San Juan will cease altogether,” said Second Lieutenant Samuel Stephenson, spokesman for the unit, which had 150 people on the ground in Puerto Rico and another 600 Marines waiting offshore.

Clogging Up

The civilian container yards that in normal times supply consumer goods are moving about only 5 percent of the typical daily volumes as a trickle of trucks begins to maneuver gingerly across the 3,515-square-mile island.

“FEMA cargo has been flowing, so that’s not the big issue,” said Cordoba. “The private clients are unable to pick up their cargo, either because they suffered damages at their buildings or personally, or the truckers haven’t been able to get to work because they have suffered damages.”

Governor Ricardo Rossello said Thursday that truckers don’t have to follow the 7 p.m. curfew. In fact, they’re encouraged to travel at night when the roads are free of traffic.

Truckers Saul Rivera and Carlos Diaz were leaning against the chain-link fence at the Port Authority in San Juan, waiting in an unmoving line to refill their vehicles.

The highways are fine except for low-hanging cables and the menacing poles, they said. But they had to be careful not to hit the top of their truck. Some expressways are down to two lanes. A truck can pass, though it’s a tight fit.

Harrowing Journey

Diaz drove to Ponce on Wednesday. The bridge was broken, so he had to take a bypass on a rural road. The detour that would usually take 10 minutes took an hour.

“I’ve never driven like this before,” Diaz said.

Jayuya and Aibonito, in the central mountains, are almost inaccessible.

“You have to be really brave,” Rivera said.

In Bairoa, Jorge Reto Guzman said if he and his neighbors pull through, they will have themselves to thank — not the federal government. The 42-year-old fireman was sitting on an intact section of the guardrail in the community about 30 kilometers south of San Juan.

Interviews with half a dozen neighbors on this 200-home stretch of rural, mountainous Puerto Rico — marked simply as the “Old Road” at the turnoff — showed no one had seen or heard from FEMA. Guzman said neighbors themselves used their hands, machetes and chainsaws to clear the road and hauled away trunks in vehicles including a minivan.

Neighbors get together in the afternoons and pool resources to make rice and beans with a protein and, when needed, they give each other lifts into town.

“I feel forgotten, because no one has even asked about us,” said Hector Manuel Gomez Marabe, 63. “Not even to see how we’re doing. Nothing, nothing, nothing.”

© 2017 Bloomberg L.P

http://gcaptain.com/puerto-ricans-hack-maze-debris-move-relief-aid/
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AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1087 on: September 30, 2017, 09:00:11 pm »
Agelbert NOTE: To be viewed with a grain of salt. Crowley is a Jones Act shipper that stands to profit handsomely if they dominate the logistics recovery effort.  ;) Under the waiver from the Jones Act, freight is almost 50% CHEAPER for Puerto Rico.

File photo of Crowley container ship going by El Morro Castle in San Juan, Puerto Rico

September 29, 2017 by gCaptain

Crowley Provides Update on Relief Effort in Puerto Rico

Crowley is transporting 100 fuel distribution trucks with 275,000 gallons of diesel fuel and 75,000 gallons of gasoline to support relief efforts in Puerto Rico. Photo: Crowley Maritime Corp.



U.S. shipping company Crowley Maritime provided an update Friday on its on-going effort to get relief supplies to the people Puerto Rico in the aftermath of Hurricane Maria.

As of Friday, Crowley Puerto Rico Services said that nearly all Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) relief cargo that has arrived to date at its Isla Grande Terminal in Puerto Rico has been transported to FEMA receiving locations on the island by the company’s logistics group – the result of strong ongoing coordination with FEMA and other government agencies providing relief after Hurricane Maria.

Working closely with FEMA, Crowley’s liner and logistics groups have helped to coordinate the throughput of relief cargo at the terminal, prioritizing and trucking government loads on the island. While there are thousands of loads of commercial cargo on the terminal awaiting distribution, the FEMA loads are moving and thousands more are on the way.

Crowley is transporting 100 fuel distribution trucks with 275,000 gallons of diesel fuel and 75,000 gallons of gasoline to support relief efforts in Puerto Rico.

Crowley and other transportation companies continue to play a significant role helping FEMA relief efforts in Puerto Rico’s communities. As of Thursday, Sept. 28, Crowley has facilitated providing 1.3 million meals and 2.77 million liters of the meals and water that have arrived in San Juan. FEMA has provided food and water to over 60 municipalities with the logistics and transportation assistance of Crowley.

The joint effort began Saturday, Sept. 23, after the U.S. Coast Guard reopened the port at 8 a.m. and Crowley’s first barge was unloaded at 10 a.m. with 144 government relief loads. Crowley has moved more than 700 government relief loads with 3,100 loads booked and 1,000 loads ready to leave the Port of Jacksonville. In addition, Crowley is scheduled to move 272 emergency relief vehicles, including 140 fuel trucks, and 100 disaster recovery vehicles from Jacksonville to San Juan.

Crowley’s barge El Rey is already en route with an anticipated arrival on Monday, Oct. 2, with a shipment of 100 fuel distribution trucks with 275,000 gallons of diesel fuel and 75,000 gallons of gasoline.

By Friday, Crowley projects to have 4,100 commercial loads on its terminal ready for pickup containing a variety of needed products, including food, beverages, construction materials, clothing and much more.

 
Elsewhere, here are few more notes from the U.S. Department of Defense on the on-going relief effort in Puerto Rico as they relate to transportation and logistics:

The multipurpose amphibious assault ship USS Wasp is returning to support response operations in and around Puerto Rico

The hospital ship USNS Comfort will depart its home port of Norfolk, Virginia, today, bound for Puerto Rico
USS Kearsarge remains in the Caribbean in support on the relief efforts



Finally, below is a statement from Anthony Chiarello’s, President and CEO of TOTE, another major U.S. shipping company serving Puerto Rico, which he delivered to the House Subcommittee on the Coast Guard and Marine Transportation on September 28, 2017.

TOTE major U.S. shipping company serving Puerto Rico

“Good morning Chairman Hunter, Ranking Member Garamendi and Members of the Committee on the Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation. Thank you for the opportunity to be with you today. My name is Anthony Chiarello and I serve as the President and CEO of TOTE. I have been involved with the maritime industry for more than 38 years and have been with TOTE since 2010.

Before I share the details of our work in Puerto Rico – the reason you called me here today – I would like to express to you how personal this situation is for us at TOTE.  Our employees and customers have experienced the devastation first hand. Many of our employees in Puerto Rico have damage to their homes and families that are struggling following the hurricane but they have come to the terminal to support the offloading of containers and cargo which they know is critical for the larger Puerto Rican community. We are proud of the work our team is doing to get important cargoes to Puerto Rico and we will not rest in our efforts.

TOTE Maritime Puerto Rico has served the people of Puerto Rico for more than 32 years providing twice weekly service to the island sailing between Jacksonville, FL and San Juan. (By the way, our vessels are the most environmentally friendly ocean container vessels in the world as they are powered by LNG.) We strive for on-time and efficient operations that support daily life for our Puerto Rican families.

Since Hurricane Maria made landfall in Puerto Rico on September 19th, the people of Puerto Rico have been struggling to gain access to various goods and services necessary for daily life – goods that are sitting on our docks now that need support to be moved.

Even before Hurricane Maria made landfall, TOTE was working closely with customers and other parties such as the Red Cross to prepare for what was forecasted to be a devastating blow to the island. TOTE’s Isla Bella departed Jacksonville on September 20 – as Puerto Rico was still feeling the effects of Hurricane Maria – with more than 900 containers of cargo and relief goods for the island. The Isla Bella arrived at the Port of San Juan on September 24th following the opening of the Port on September 23 by the USCG. Immediately after the discharge of the Isla Bella, TOTE’s second ship, the Perla del Caribe arrived in San Juan with more than 1000 additional containers of relief goods. Our vessels will continue to transport relief aid including food and water to the island along with the daily needs such as clothing and house goods.

TOTE’s transit time from Jacksonville to San Juan is less than three days. This means that we are uniquely positioned to respond to emerging needs on the island, providing critical supplies to the people of Puerto Rico as the situation on the ground continues to evolve. TOTE will serve the people of Puerto Rico throughout this crisis and long after TV cameras have left.


Despite news and misinformation about the Jones Act, American companies like TOTE have ample capacity to ship supplies to Puerto Rico. The challenges are not with the maritime industry getting the goods to the island. Unfortunately the challenge is distributing the goods throughout the island communities. Infrastructure and roads have been compromised as a result of the storm making transport and delivery of goods challenging. We need to get the water and other life-saving supplies to those who need it.

Over the last few days, we have seen more and more containers leave our facility in San Juan but there are still many at the terminal. Of the more than 2700 containers at the terminal (and more keep coming with each full ship);

on Monday, 88 left

on Tuesday, 110 left

on Wednesday (yesterday), 180 left

Unfortunately, only about 400 containers have left our facility since September 19.


We are working with our customers to solve this bottleneck. In some cases, we are providing refrigerated containers as temporary storage for warehouses and stores that were damaged or destroyed.  We are working with the government and others to offload critical cargo at our terminal that can help relieve the bottleneck and service first responders.

I am grateful for the opportunity to testify today and discuss ways that TOTE can work in concert with the Government to help accelerate the recovery effort for the people of Puerto Rico and especially our employees and customers.  I look forward to answering your questions.”

Related gCaptain Article



http://gcaptain.com/crowley-provides-update-on-relief-effort-in-puerto-rico/
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AGelbert

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He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1089 on: October 03, 2017, 02:37:09 pm »
 

So Long as Lies About it Persist, Consensus Messaging is Vital   

SNIPPET 1:

The concerted effort by fossil-fuel funded propagandists to keep Americans in the dark about our role in climate change has long targeted the consensus, which is why it’s so important to continually reinforce the fact that scientists are nearly unanimous about human activity driving climate change.

That’s the gist of an op-ed that ran on Monday in the Guardian . In the piece, a group of academics, in response to commentary over the summer criticizing consensus messaging, lay out the history of denial’s attacks on science and explained the damaging effects of the gap between what scientists know and what the public thinks they know. Ignoring the fake news about the consensus as opposed to countering it, they explain, further dulls political will to take action.

SNIPPET 2:

Cliff Mass is a meteorologist who’s proven to be a consistent voice of skepticism, particularly on links between extreme weather and climate change. As can be expected, Mass has been particularly busy this year jumping to distance climate change from the rows of extreme, record-breaking weather events we’ve had in a few short months.
Cliff Mass doing his thing for the Fossil Fuel Saviors of Humanity

In a piece about him in the Seattle PI that ran Thursday headlined
“Climate change is real but…”, Mass criticizes the linking of climate change and extreme events. While he acknowledges that warming amplifies many events, his statement that there’s “absolutely no reason to believe” an unusual ridge of high pressure off the west coast has anything to do with warming is simply false--there is . So besides his problematic borderline misogyny, it’s clear Mass has missed out on some key facts.

It’s hard to say if the skepticism Mass expresses is motivated by ideological factors, like Ken Ham’s denial, or just scientifically misinformed, like those who watch too much Fox and Breitbart.

But you know who hasn’t been subjected to decades of misinformation and propaganda on climate? The Latino community. Yale polling last week showed that Latinos are far more worried about climate change than non-Latinos. This is particularly true for non-English speaking Latinos, which could be a testament to the prevalence of English-language Murdoch media and its power to distort.



And it makes sense they'd be concerned, given the stark difference between how the Trump Administration handled warming-amplified storms that struck Texas and Florida, and the one that hit Puerto Rico.






Agelbert NOTE: And now that Hispanics/Latinos EVERYWHERE (along with most of the rest of the world) have finallly figured Trump out, they won't "negotiate" either.

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AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1090 on: October 03, 2017, 05:50:48 pm »
Climat Lab Book
Open climate Science

Is the 1.5°C target still reachable?

 


SNIPPET:


Figure 2. Global mean temperature estimates of HadCRUT4 (left) and GISTEMP (right) against the CO2 concentration on a logarithmic scale with a linear fit. Pre-industrial CO2 concentrations are usually taken to be 280 ppm.

Conclusions

Reaching the 1.5 degree target agreed-upon in Paris as a desirable goal is going to be hard. Exactly how hard depends on a couple of crucial definitions and physical effects of the order of a tenth of a degree. Millar et al. have reduced these uncertainties by moving the starting point of modelling from pre-industrial to the present, taking the observed trend as given (and attributable to human influences, a point we have not discussed). However, they also use definitions of the global mean temperature rise that are not universally accepted and estimates of committed warming for zero emissions that are at odds with older (AR4) ideas that were based on constant atmospheric composition. To aid in the understanding of the results of Millar et al., we tried to highlight differences in definitions and cancellations in temperature trends after CO2 emissions would have ceased. Whatever the final way the 1.5 degree or indeed 2 degree target is defined, it will take a huge effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions fast enough to reach it.

Full detailed article with charts from peer reviewed scientific studies

http://www.climate-lab-book.ac.uk/2017/is-the-1-5c-target-still-reachable/
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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1091 on: October 03, 2017, 09:04:00 pm »
Donald Golfs and Puerto Rico Drowns

By Came In On Saturdays | October 03, 2017 at 03:02 PM EDT

Most people recall the saying that Emperor Nero “fiddled while Rome burned.” Nero is remembered as one of history’s cruelest leaders. However, this popular quote is not accurate. Yes, in 64 A.D., a great fire spread through Rome for six days, destroying 70% of the city and leaving half its population homeless. Although Nero quickly began relief measures, the people didn’t trust him. Some believed Nero had ordered the fire started, especially after he used land cleared by the blaze to build a palace. Nero blamed the then small Christian sect for the fire, and had many of its members arrested and executed. Nero could not have played a fiddle, since the fiddle was not developed until the 11th Century. Roman historian Tacitus wrote that Nero was rumored to have sung about the destruction of Troy while watching the Roman fire. Tacitus, however, stated that the reports of Nero singing were unconfirmed by eyewitness accounts (History.com staff, 11/20/12).

Flash forward to 2017. We have far more accurate accounts of Hurricane Maria. We also know what “leader” Donald did and did not do when Hurricane Maria, a Category 5 storm with sustained winds of 155 mph, hit and devastated Puerto Rico early on 9/20/2017 (huffingtonpost.com, Miller, 10/03/17). Puerto Rico, a Commonwealth of the United States since 1952, has a population of 3,474, 182 (115th Cong. At Your Fingertips, U.S. Senate, 109th Cong.).  Puerto Ricans have been American citizens since the passage of the Jones-Shafroth Act in 3/1917 that President Woodrow Wilson signed. Because Puerto Rico is not a state, it does not vote in presidential elections. However, it has a governor and sends one non-voting representative to Congress. Puerto Rico is permitted to participate in the presidential primaries and is granted delegates to the Democratic and Republican presidential conventions (115th Cong. At Your Fingertips, NY Times, Dropp & Nyhan, 9/26/17, Murse, thoughtco.com,vox.com, Resnick & Barclay, 9/29/17).

Hurricane Maria was an absolute catastrophe. During the current 2017 hurricane season, Puerto Rico was first clipped by Hurricane Irma on 9/06/2017. Irma left 1 million people without power on that island. When Maria hit, 60,000 people still did not have electricity. Many Puerto Ricans have, therefore, not had power for over 20 days (vox.com, Resnick & Barclay, 9/29/17). Hurricane Maria was a slightly smaller storm but far more devastating. Unlike Irma, Hurricane Maria charted a course directly over Puerto Rico, hit near its peak intensity, and passed around 25 miles away from San Juan, the capital, home to about 400,000 people (vox.com). It was “as if a 50-60-mile-wide tornado raged across Puerto Rico like a buzz saw,” according to meteorologist Jeff Weber with the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NOAA). Weber called Maria “almost as strong as a hurricane can get in a direct hit.” According to the records, Maria was the fifth-largest storm ever to hit the U.S. and the strongest storm to hit Puerto Rico in 80 years (see vox.com). 

The initial response to the storm from the U.S. government has been lackluster. During the one week after Maria hit, Demagogue Donald “responded” by creating his own “hurricane tweet storm.” In those bizarre, irrelevant rantings, Donald obsessed about Puerto Rico being an “island,” and criticized Puerto Rico for being in “massive debt (vox.com, 9/29/17, CNN, Cillizza, 10/01/17).” A typical Trump response to his own failure to act—blame the hapless victims, never “perfectly brilliant” Donald. On a CNN 9/29/2017 “New Day” interview, San Juan Mayor Carmen Yulin Cruz put a face on this festering humanitarian crisis. Mayor Cruz emotionally pleaded, “We are dying here, and I cannot fathom the thought that the greatest nation in the world cannot figure out logistics for a small island of 100 miles by 35 miles. Mayday! We are in trouble (huffingtonpost.com, Herreria, 9/30/17, CNN, Cillizza, 10/01/17).” Trump answered Mayor Cruz, the only way he knows how—viciously. Demagogue Donald tweeted, “The Mayor of San Juan, who was very complimentary only a few days ago, has now been told by the Democrats that you must be nasty to Trump. Such poor leadership ability by the Mayor of San Juan, and others in Puerto Rico, who are not able to get their workers help. They want everything to be done for them when it should be a community effort. 10,000 Federal workers now on Island doing a fantastic job (Cillizza, CNN, 10/01/17).” Translation: “They” = “lazy” dark-skinned Hispanic “moochers,” v. the mainly white Texans and Floridians. “Red” Texas and Florida, Trump’s real “all American base,” received immediate aid for Hurricanes Harvey and Irma with no such horrible criticisms. Trump is using more of the same racially coded “dog whistles,” actually bullhorn language, he has employed since he started running for the White House (See Cillizza, CNN). Trump also called Cruz “nasty,” the same term he used to describe another female, Hillary, in Campaign 2016.

IMHO, Trump is, with this and other tweets, additionally arguing that these Hispanic Puerto Ricans are “unpatriotic.” Why? Because they are attacking first responders who represent U.S. authority and are often in uniform. Whatever happened to the First Amendment’s guarantee of free speech? Donald also  tweeted, “Fake News CNN and NBC are going out of their way to disparage our great First Responders as a way to ‘get Trump.’ Not fair (huffingtonpost, Herreria, 9/30/17).”

Whom do you believe, these network correspondents on storm-stricken Puerto Rico, or golf -playing Donald on dry land spouting lies and paranoia? On the morning of 10/01/2017, at 5:22 A.M., Donald further poured out his venom on the news media and on the Puerto Ricans. In this tweet, he praised the “great job we have done with the almost impossible situation in Puerto Rico. Outside of the Fake News or politically motivated ingrates… (latimes.com, King, L., 10/01/17).”  “Politically motivated ingrates,” just another vicious description of “nasty lazy Hispanics.” These “lazy Latinos” somehow have the time and energy to get their “marching orders” from the mainland Democratic Party leadership. They don’t care about fighting for their lives and saving their homes. No, all they want to do is hurt Donald’s “reputation.” Unbelievable!

While Puerto Ricans were fighting to save themselves after being hit by a catastrophic storm, out-of-touch Demagogue Donald decided to go to the Presidents Cup golf tournament in New Jersey. At this 10/01/2017 golf tournament, Donald dedicated the trophy to the victims of the TX, FL, and Puerto Rican hurricanes (huffingtonpost.com, Terkel, 10/01/17). While Puerto Ricans drowned, Donald dedicated a trophy to them. Unless this trophy is “magical,” it won’t revive Puerto Rico. When Trump dedicated this trophy to Puerto Rico, only 5% of its electrical grid was up and running, and it could be months before residents get regular service back. More than half of Puerto Rico remained without drinking water. Lt. Gen. Jeffrey Buchanan stated that on 10/01/2017, just 16 out of 69 hospitals have had power restored. The others were running on generators. There was limited access to X-ray machines and few operating rooms were open (vox.com, Resnick & Barclay). Roughly 80% of the island’s crops have been wiped out (huffingtonpost.com, Miller). As of 10/02/2017, only 37% of the people had cellphone service (huffingtonpost.com Frej & Fang, 10/03/17). It was not necessary for Trump to attend this golfing event. In fact, he was the first sitting chief executive to give the trophy to the winning team (huffingtonpost.com, Terkel). Imagine if Hillary had won the election and had gone to this tournament under the same circumstances. We would never have heard the end of the banshee-like GOP cries condemning her.

Senator Bernie Sanders (I-VT) called Trump’s attack on Mayor Cruz “unspeakable (CNN, Watkins, 10/01/17).” On FOX News, former major league pitcher and reliable Donald supporter Curt Schilling described the Trump administration’s current efforts at helping Puerto Rico, “horrifying.” Schilling is in Puerto Rico helping with relief.  He said the situation is “bleak” and the death toll “is likely to rise into the thousands.” He added, “These (Puerto Ricans) are Americans.” He stated, “If this were Houston, Texas there’d be 55,000 soldiers on this island right now (shareblue.com, 10/01/17, Orr).” On 10/01/2017, GOP strategist Ana Navarro told CNN that “it’s quite brazen for Trump to whine about anyone else wanting ‘everything to be done for them,’ when he himself has so often shirked responsibility and work… This is a guy sitting in a fancy golf course while people in Puerto Rico are dying (shareblue.com, 10/01/17, Parker).” Retired Army General Russel Honore, hailed as a hero for bringing relief to 2005 Hurricane Katrina’s victims, was far blunter. In a 9/30/2017 CNN interview, Honore ripped Trump for attacking San Juan Mayor Cruz. In his words, “the mayor’s living on a cot, and I hope the president has a good day at golf.” In a previous 9/27/2017 CNN interview, Honore stated, “The president has shown again and again, you don’t give a damn about poor people, you don’t give a damn about people of color and the SOB that rides around in Air Force One is denying services needed by the people of Puerto Rico (cnn.com, 9/30/17, cnn.com/videos/us/2017/09/27).”

San Juan’s Mayor Cruz is not naïve. High school Puerto Rico honor student Cruz received her bachelor’s degree from Boston University and a Master’s from Pittsburgh’s Carnegie Mellon. She worked for 12 years on the U.S. mainland at Westinghouse, Colgate-Palmolive, Banco Popular, and the U.S. Treasury Department. In 1992, she returned to Puerto Rico. She advised the mayor of San Juan and the president of the Puerto Rico House of Representatives. In 2008, she won an at-large seat to the Puerto Rico House. Cruz has been San Juan’s mayor since 2012, after defeating the 12-year incumbent (abcnews.go, 10/01/17). Cruz refused to get into petty fights responding to Trump’s horrible tweets. In a 10/01/2017 ABC News interview with George Stephanopoulos, she aptly said, “Let us not talk about the debt, let us not talk about the cost of reconstruction. Let’s just talk about saving people’s lives right now. You put people above the debt. People’s lives and avoiding death above the debt. That’s how it’s done (abcnews.go., 10/01/17).” 

On 10/03/2017, Trump and wife Melania visited Puerto Rico. At his first stop, he appeared to joke about the cost of the damage, saying, “I hate to tell you Puerto Rico, but you’ve thrown our budget a little out of wack (huffingtonpost.com, Frej & Fang, 10/03/17).” Some joke! And frankly, Trump probably believes that Puerto Rico is a “budget killer,” not the other hurricane hit areas in TX and FL. According to his itinerary, Donald will spend just 5 hours on this horribly devastated island and meet with Puerto Rican victims for just 35 minutes (Daniel Dale @ddale8, pic twitter.com, Daniel Dale@ddale, 7:16 PM, 10/02/2017, annieli, Kos, 10/02/17). Donald visited TX twice after Hurricane Harvey and went to FL four days after Irma hit (huffingtonpost.com, 10/03/17).

In Puerto Rico, Trump limited his exposure to the public. The neighborhood he visited, Guaynabo, is home to some of the more affluent communities in Puerto Rico (NY Times, Landler, 10/03/17, CNN, Liptak, 10/03/17). Of course, Donald only feels comfortable with the rich. At a meeting with Puerto Rican officials, Trump again touted the “great” job his team had done, ignoring the awful facts on the ground. He also called Hurricane Katrina more of a “real catastrophe” because on W Bush’s watch “thousands died” in that storm, but just 16 people here (See NY Times, 10/03/17, Landler). Wow! Remember, many deaths from Maria have been uncounted and more bodies will probably be recovered. Trump is making body counts a ghoulish sporting event. He is, once more, showing his awful callousness and narcissism-- “hey, W, my hurricane outcome was better than yours.” Once again, “winner” Trump has demonstrated what a disaster he has been for the U.S. and for all its citizens.

http://cameinonsaturdays.com/

He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1092 on: October 04, 2017, 09:56:36 pm »
I believe we will see very very soon (within 2018) the exotic technologies come online to help rebuild these
affected areas of the planet.

Energy will be drawn from the planet in order to provide prosperous living for all lifeforms.

This talk of "You bad little humans, you've totally fu cked your planet over & now it's time to die because of your behavior" is more of the same rhetoric we've grown accustomed to.

Fu ck that sh it .....


AZ, humanity does not have, as you have realized, an energy problem. Humanity's problem is lack of respect for each other and the other life forms we are blessed by God to share this planet with. You don't even have to believe there IS a God, though I most certainly DO, to clearly understand that.

All the Renewable Energy or free energy in the universe is not going to help us if we do not learn that empathy deficit, me first, greed based behavior is not just evil, it's suicidally STUPID.

He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1093 on: October 05, 2017, 04:44:48 pm »

Figure 3. Ocean Heat Content (OHC) for October 5, 2017. Forecast positions for Nate from the 11 am EDT Thursday NHC forecast are also shown. OHC values in excess of 80 kilojoules per square centimeter (yellow-green colors) are often associated with rapid intensification of hurricanes. Nate is expected to be passing near or over two areas of very high ocean heat content, with very warm waters that extend to great depth: in the Western Caribbean off the coast of Yucatan Peninsula, and again in the Gulf of Mexico, over the northern portion of the Loop Current, where a warm eddy appears to be attempting to break off. Image credit: University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science.

He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1094 on: October 05, 2017, 05:22:36 pm »
Quote
“Our study shows how climate change affects environmental processes in the Arctic landscape. As a consequence of the warmer temperatures, more sediment is transported out to the coast. At the same time, the open-water period has been extended, and the material is therefore deposited in the deltas. And in this way, the deltas are growing,” says Associate Professor Aart Kroon, corresponding author.

Article with pictures:

He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

 

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