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Author Topic: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️  (Read 116393 times)

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AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1440 on: July 26, 2018, 07:00:28 pm »

July 26, 2018

Agelbert NOTE: The Zero Hour movement is the last best hope for getting the governments of the world, particularly the U.S. Government , to tackle Climate Change. The demands of Zero Hour that are sine qua non for human survival as a species are listed below under the heading of Ending of the extractive based economy and starting the rapid transition to a living economy that will create local jobs and local sustainable economies (i.e. a VIABLE BIOSPHERE). They demand that the transition be completed by 2040.

I don't know if we have that much time. I believe the 100% Renewable Energy Transition must be completed in a decade, at most, in order to avoid the worse effects of Catastrophic Climate Change. Regardless of how short the time we have is, I applaud these courageous, reality based young people for making these demands.


If Zero Hour's demands are repulsed, or indefinitely delayed, by the Hydrocarbon Hellspawn that have corrupted governments all over the world for over a century, it is Game Over for humanity.


Just Transition

Zero Hour believes that a Just Transition leaves no one behind as we seek to achieve an environmentally sustainable economy.

A Just Transition protects workers as they transition away from the fossil fuel economy to a clean sustainable economy called the living economy. A Just Transition also ensures that communities of color, Indigenous communities, and frontline communities are not left behind in any way. A Just Transition should also protect the youth as they enter into an economy that is already fundamentally damaged by the fossil fuel corporations. A Just Transition means that all have an inalienable right to food, water, air, and land. Zero Hour believes that workers of all ages should be able to sustain their families, their health, their pensions, and their housing for now and future generations.

Therefore, we make these demands for a Just Transition:

Coal, Oil, Gas Corporations and Communities

 - Respect the contributions of the fossil fuel workers.

 - Donate to local impacted communities so that they may invest in local clean renewable energy, community based industries, and local living wage jobs for transitioning fossil fuel workers.

 - Donate into climate justice education for youth as reparations for the  damage caused to their health and future.

 - Donate to local communities so they may clean up the lands and  waters polluted and damaged by fossil fuel extraction/infrastructure/ shipping/export.

Industries

 - Switch to clean renewable energy and clean industrial processes.

 - Reskilling of their employees for new clean, local energy industries.

 - Provide fully paid quality healthcare for their workers and families who have been made unhealthy by working for extractive and toxic indus tries.

 - Provide full pensions for workers in extractive and toxic industries.

State and Local Governments

 - Respect and follow the Treaty Rights of the Indigenous Nations of that land and protect their food sovereignty and intellectual property.

 - State governments must pass a state constitutional amendment to include rights to healthy living wage jobs, clean and safe sustainable affordable housing, and affordable quality healthcare.

 - Invest in zero emissions mass transit that is affordable for low income people.

 - Invest in clean renewable energy as the way forward and make it accessible to low income people.

 - Divest pensions from fossil fuels and banks that support fossil fuels and shift to publicly owned state and local banks instead.

 - Invest in grassroots transformative justice to move away from the unjust prison system and the school-to-prison-pipeline.

 - Switch to 100% local clean renewable energy to power government owned buildings such as schools, community centers, City Halls, and etc.

 - Reskilling and redeployment of workers for locally based sustainable industries such as radically sustainable building, permaculture, reforestation, hemp production etc. with educational opportunities and training also provided to youth.

 - Legalize hemp production for local industry, medicine, and food.

- Refuse all new permits to extractive industries.

 - Implement climate justice education in schools according to recommendation from climate justice groups and frontline communities.

 - Invest in local permaculture food growth particularly in low income communities, and include this in climate justice education.

 - Plant indigenous trees and native species in local areas, and include this in climate justice education.

 - Support the state youth climate lawsuits and follow the climate recovery plan outlined in their lawsuit.

Federal Government

 - Respect and follow all treaties with First Nation communities and protect the food sovereignty and intellectual property of First Nations.

 - Respect Indigenous women, Indigenous queer and trans, women of color, and queer and trans people of color and protect them from assault, sexual violence, and trafficking caused by the fossil fuel industries.

 - Provide adequate funding to local communities for Just Transition.

 - Pass constitutional amendment to include rights to healthy living wage jobs, clean and safe sustainable affordable housing, affordable quality healthcare.

 - Outlaw private prisons and the forced labor of prison inmates.

 - Acknowledge the term “climate refugee” and welcome all climate refugees including; war refugees, communal/gang violence refugees, and natural disaster refugees.

 - Work together with other wealthy nations to be prepared to welcome climate refugees and provide safety and accommodation for them in international solidarity.

- End the extractive based economy and start the living economy that will create local jobs and local sustainable economies:

 - By stopping the extraction and pollution of all water bodies

 - By investing in water cleaning measures to restore ecosystems

 - By investing in innovation that enables clean renewable energy and local green economies

 - By supporting structural change at the national, state, and local level

 - By stopping the exploitation of labor including labor in prisons

 - By reskilling and redeployment of workers for local sustainable jobs

 - By providing sustainable job and business opportunities to youth with access to training and affordable education for those jobs

 - By providing quality affordable universal healthcare

 - By investing into research for natural healing methods and making these methods accessible and affordable for all

 - By providing affordable radically sustainable housing and making it accessible for all, particularly low income communities

 - By banning any extractive industries from operating in wilderness areas and nature sanctuaries

 - By taxing extractive industries and put that money into the Just Transition practices listed here.

Climate Justice Alliance tells us:

- A Just Transition moves us towards a livable future.

 - A Just Transition upholds Self Determination.

 - A Just Transition equitably redistributes Resources and Power.

 - A Just Transition creates Meaningful Work / Right Livelihood / Human Development.

 - A Just Transition requires Regenerative Ecological Economics.

 - A Just Transition retains Culture and Tradition.

 - A Just Transition embodies Local, Regional, National and International Solidarity.


http://thisiszerohour.org/files/ZeroHour_JustTransition.pdf

 


« Last Edit: July 26, 2018, 08:57:14 pm by AGelbert »
He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1441 on: July 27, 2018, 12:08:23 pm »
 
Make Nexus Hot News part of your morning: click here to subscribe.

July 27, 2018




Extreme Heat 🔥 & A Weird Jet Stream: A Climate Change Double Whammy

ICYMI: It’s hot. Like, really hot. Everywhere. 🚩 😓

Temperature records are shattering across the globe, and wildfires 🔥 are raging from Yosemite to the Arctic Circle. To slightly misquote the seminal climate change anthem All Star, “My world’s on fire, how bout yours? That is not the way I like it and I have paralyzing existential dread about the future of our planet.”

Climate change is playing two different roles in this string of astonishing record-breaking weather.

First off, the overall warming driven by carbon pollution is amplifying heatwaves. Studies show global warming is responsible for pushing temperatures past prior record levels in 82 percent of record-setting heat extreme events around the world in recent years. In this event, an unusual jet stream pattern is the engine driving the extreme heat, and global warming is likely providing the extra fuel that is driving the extreme heat past prior records.

Then there’s the jet stream. The engine driving many extreme weather events often is a major change in global atmospheric circulation, and the current global heat waves follows that pattern. And climate change is increasing the frequency of unusual jet stream configurations, such as the one driving the current extreme heat. The resulting heat is obliterating records, pushing temperature extremes way past historic levels.

Climate scientist Michael Mann explained: “The extreme weather we're seeing around the Northern Hemisphere, such as heat waves, floods, droughts, and wildfires, is related to an unusual, undulating pattern in the jet stream. The other part of this that's atypical is that this undulating pattern doesn't usually hold longer than a few days. But this one isn't going anywhere. Our work shows that this sort of pattern, which has been associated with many of the most extreme, persistent weather events in recent years, including the 2003 European heat wave, 2010 Moscow wildfires, 2011 Texas and Oklahoma drought, and 2016 Alberta wildfires to name a few, is becoming more common because of human-caused climate change, and in particular, because of amplified Arctic warming.”

As is the case with many extreme weather events, coverage of these unnatural disasters in media has been mixed. Chris Hayes sparked a widespread discussion on Twitter when he tweeted that covering climate change in broadcast news is a “ratings killer”. (And a recent Media Matters analysis shows how infrequently broadcast covers climate change in relation to the heatwave: just one segment out of 127 mentioned climate change.)

A new analysis by Public Citizen’s Cover Climate project found that during the record-breaking June-July heatwave in the US, the top 50 papers published 204 heat-related articles, with just 23 mentioning climate change.

One bright spot, the research shows, is that there were no climate denial pieces in response to the heatwave. That’s not the same worldwide, as Carbon Brief’s Leo Hickman points out. Both the Daily Mail 🙉 and The Sun 🙊 published opinion pieces denying the climate connection to the UK’s heatwave (tHaTs jUsT hOt AiR  ). 

But scientists and journalists are pushing back, calling for better, more thorough coverage. The New York Times updated a piece on Greece’s devastating wildfires to include the climate connection after they were called out on Twitter for the omission. (Greece, by the way, is in the middle of its hottest year ever recorded.) In response to Hayes’ tweet, journalists like Eric Holthaus and Emily Atkin who cover climate issues pointed out how successful climate-focused stories have been. David Wallace-Wells, whose story “The Uninhabitable Earth” was the most read piece in the New York Magazine’s history, wrote a follow-up yesterday posing a stark question: How did the end of the world become old news?

Climate scientists know that these extremes will continue to become more extreme unless we limit global temperature rise and curb carbon pollution. So keep tweeting. Write letters to the editor. Support science. And when you need a five minute break from fighting the good fight, turn on some Smash Mouth and read this FT Diary of a sweaty climate skeptic.🦕 “I bet you anything this heat will be over by Christmas. We’ll be wearing jackets.”


The Fossil Fuelers 🦖 DID THE Clean Energy  Inventions suppressing, Climate Trashing, human health depleting CRIME,   but since they have ALWAYS BEEN liars and conscience free crooks 🦀, they are trying to AVOID   DOING THE TIME or     PAYING THE FINE!     Don't let them get away with it! Pass it on!   
He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1442 on: July 27, 2018, 01:58:34 pm »
Quote



Overnight tragedy in Redding

RL Miller  info@climatehawksvote.com

July 27, 2018 1:09 PM
 
Last night, a wildfire barrelled out of control toward the city of Redding in northern California. Firefighters gave up on trying to save structures and simply focused on evacuating the city. As I write, parts of the city of 90,000 are burning uncontrollably.

Perhaps you’ve seen some of the surreal news coverage. A local TV station’s crew evacuated on-air. An evacuation center was itself evacuated as the fire moved so quickly.

Two firefighters have died ☠️ so far. Dozens of homes have been destroyed. And right now it’s only 3 percent contained.

This is what the future looks like. And it will get even worse unless we elect more leaders willing to stand up to the fossil fuel industry and take bold action to protect the climate.



The fire in Redding is the third major wildfire 🔥🔥🔥 burning in California this week -- the Ferguson fire has forced the closure of Yosemite Valley, and the Cranston fire is burning the mountains east of Los Angeles.

The world seems to be ablaze — fires in Sweden and Finland above the Arctic circle, fires in Greece killing dozens, deadly heat 🌡️ in Japan and Texas.

Of course, you and I know that climate change is fueling these disasters. The four hottest years ever recorded were the last four years, and 2018 will almost certainly be the fifth.

Yet, even amidst the real human misery climate change is already calling there are stories of heroism, communities pulling together, and leaders stepping forward to act on climate change.

But we need more such leaders. A lot more. We need a new Congress who’ll take climate change seriously and drive our economy as quickly as possible to 100% renewable.

Here at Climate Hawks Vote, we know our role: We have ambitious plans to mobilize and persuade more voters than ever before this fall via phone and digital communications — targeting infrequent voters for whom climate is a persuasive message.

Put simply, the more donors who sign on as recurring in the next couple of weeks, the more we can budget for our fall campaigns and the advocacy work that will follow.

Can you make a recurring donation to Climate Hawks Vote to fuel our critical electoral work?

Together, we can build a better future.

Your fellow climate hawk,

RL Miller

References

“Wall of Flames Leaves 2 Dead, Homes Destroyed as Massive Fire Sweeps into Redding,” Sacramento Bee
https://www.sacbee.com/latest-news/article215632950.html

“2018 Global Heat So Far,” Climate Central
http://www.climatecentral.org/gallery/graphics/2018-global-heat-so-far

“Climate change is supercharging a hot and dangerous summer,” Washington Post
https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/climate-change-is-supercharging-a-hot-and-dangerous-summer/2018/07/26/cf960ba8-905c-11e8-bcd5-9d911c784c38_story.html

 


The Fossil Fuelers 🦖 DID THE Clean Energy  Inventions suppressing, Climate Trashing, human health depleting CRIME,   but since they have ALWAYS BEEN liars and conscience free crooks 🦀, they are trying to AVOID   DOING THE TIME or     PAYING THE FINE!     Don't let them get away with it! Pass it on!   
He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1443 on: July 27, 2018, 02:59:02 pm »
July 26, 2018

Crisis Unfolds in Laos Following Dam Collapse💦

At least 27 are dead, 131 missing and thousands homeless after a hydropower dam under construction in Southern Laos ruptured Monday evening and sent more than five billion cubic feet of water spilling into eight nearby villages.

Authorities have rescued more than 2,800 Laotians from the area but say more than 3,000 are still awaiting rescue, and Prime Minister Thongloun Sisoulit said Wednesday that the disaster is the worst the country has faced in decades.

The dam was one of 70 hydropower projects that have been built or are under construction in Laos, which is aiming to use the projects to become a major source of energy for the region. "Many dams in operation or planned are not designed to be able to cope with extreme weather events," ⛈ 🌩 🌪

International Rivers, a group that campaigns against the growth of hydropower in Laos, said in a statement. "Unpredictable and extreme weather events are becoming more frequent due to climate change, posing grave safety concerns to millions who live downstream of dams."

https://www.reuters.com/article/us-laos-accident-dam/laos-scrambles-for-food-medicines-coffins-after-dam-burst-idUSKBN1KG09K

He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1445 on: July 29, 2018, 08:53:06 pm »

2018 Global 🌍 🌎 🌏 Heat 😓 So Far

Published: July 18th, 2018

By Climate Central

With the release of the monthly global temperature analysis from NOAA today, it is a good opportunity to compare temperatures so far this year to their historical levels. And as greenhouse gases continue to accumulate in the atmosphere, the heat goes on both globally and here in the U.S.

Globally, the past four years have been the hottest four years on record, and 2018 so far is coming in as the 4th hottest. All-time record heat has peppered the Northern Hemisphere this summer. Here a few stats compiled by Weather Underground:

Glasgow, Scotland had its hottest day on record, reaching 89°F on June 28.

Montreal, Canada set a new all-time high, reaching 98°F on June 29.

Ouargla, Algeria had the highest temperature on record in Africa, reaching 124°F on July 5. This is believed to be the hottest temperature reliably measured in Africa.

Tianxiang, Taiwan had the hottest temperature on record in Taiwan, reaching 105°F on July 10.

According to the WMO, 2018 has been the hottest La Niña year on record, with La Niña years today consistently warmer than El Niño years from 30 years ago. Consensus forecasts are trending toward a new El Niño before the end of the year, meaning 2018 will probably finish as one of the 10 hottest years on record globally.

To better reflect how much temperatures have warmed since the early industrial era, we combined the global NOAA and NASA monthly temperature analyses to determine how much warming has taken place relative to a 1881-1910 baseline.


Methodology: U.S. and global temperature rankings referred to in the text above are calculated by NOAA/NCEI.  Monthly global temperature analyses are also independently calculated by NASA. Climate Central combines the NOAA and NASA information to re-baseline global temperatures using an earlier pre-industrial baseline of 1881-1910 in response to the Paris Climate Change Agreement.

Posted in
Basics, Causes, Trends, Climate, Extremes, Heat, International

http://www.climatecentral.org/gallery/graphics/2018-global-heat-so-far

He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1446 on: July 29, 2018, 10:05:13 pm »
Deserts in Asia – Destroyers of Civilization Pt. 1 | Full Documentary

110,807 views


hazards and catastrophes

Published on May 12, 2017

According to estimates of the United Nations, more than 2.6 billion people in 110 countries are directly affected by progressive desertification. Deserts now cover more than a third of the entire surface of the earth, thus 65% of arable lands. More than three billion cattle, sheep and goats chomp their way through pastures faster than they can be regenerated. This program shows how desertification is changing the balance of the earth and affecting two continents in particular: Asia and Europe.

----

This channel offers you full episodes of high quality documentaries. Enjoy and don't forget to subscribe :)

Agelbert NOTE: I hope China can avoid massive desertification due to Catastrophic Climate Change. They are trying. However, their efforts may be too little too late.  The following book is a cautionary tale of what WILL happen if human civilization does not stop burning hydrocarbons for energy very, very soon:



He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1447 on: July 30, 2018, 09:02:33 pm »
Agelbert NOTE: In this video you will learn about the several Antarctic penguin species and how their populations are declining from Climate Change. :(

There are also some spectacular views of the ice formations as the wind swirls around them. ✨

New vegetation has been discovered, while excessive ultraviolet radiation coming down through the North America sized Giant ozone hole is causing blindness in seals.😨 Marine species are threatened by increased temperatures. 👎

Don't let anybody tell you Antarctica is not getting warmer. Anyone peddling that Hydrocarbon Hellspawn 🦕🦖 propaganda should be forced to watch this video.

An enormous waterfall gushes off the Nansen Ice Shelf. Credit: Jonathan Kingslake

The Antarctica Challenge - A Global Warning | Full Documentary


Quote
hazards and catastrophes

Published on May 27, 2017

This award-winning documentary reveals many startling new scientific revelations such as penguin suicide, new vegetation growing in the world’s largest desert, diminishing populations of land animals and marine life and the dangerously increasing melting of Antarctica’s land ice.


He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1448 on: July 31, 2018, 12:33:15 pm »


July 31, 2018

Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
Farmers’ association 🌡️ calls for emergency aid due to heat wave and drought

German Farmers’ Association President Joachim Rukwied is calling for government assistance totalling one billion euros to be distributed to farmers, the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung reports. The aim of Rukwied’s proposal is to help farmers, whose harvests are more than 30 percent below the average of recent years, according to the association. Federal agriculture minister Julia Klöckner is expected to inform her cabinet colleagues on 1 August of the challenges facing farmers due to the extreme weather conditions, with a decision on the merits of further assistance not due to be made until after the end-August harvest balance, the article says.

http://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/mehr-wirtschaft/duerre-bauern-wollen-eine-milliarde-hilfe-vom-staat-15714342.html


He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1449 on: July 31, 2018, 01:07:44 pm »

July 31, 2018


Floods 🌪 🌧 💦 Ravage Myanmar

Flooding in Myanmar has killed at least 11 people and forced more than 100,000 to evacuate, government officials said Monday. The flooding, exacerbated by poor infrastructure, inadequate preparations and deforestation, is part of a series of heavy floods during this year's monsoon season in the region, including during last week's dam failure in Laos.

Evacuees say official warnings of this week's floods came as waters had already inundated some regions of the country. A 2017 WWF report on the impacts of climate change on Myanmar projects that the intensity of rainfall in the country will increase during monsoon season, while the country's minister of social welfare, relief and resettlement blamed climate change in part for the severe rains.

https://earther.gizmodo.com/in-myanmar-rains-displaced-119-000-in-earths-latest-cl-1827968149

« Last Edit: July 31, 2018, 04:24:45 pm by AGelbert »
He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1450 on: July 31, 2018, 01:23:26 pm »
King Penguin

July 31, 2018

World's largest king penguin colony has declined by 90% 😨

https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/07/world-largest-king-penguin-colony-declines-90-percent-180731135557250.html
He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1451 on: July 31, 2018, 02:43:12 pm »
EcoWatch

Climate  By Olivia Rosane

Jul. 30, 2018 01:41PM EST


537 Dead in India Monsoon 😟

Flooding and heavy rains associated with India's monsoon season have killed 537 people so far, The Times of India reported Saturday.

The number of deaths was reported by the country's National Emergency Response Center, which recorded 139 deaths in Maharashtra, where Mumbai is located, 126 in the southwestern state of Kerala, 116 in West Bengal in the northeast, 70 in Uttar Pradesh, 52 in Gujarat and 34 in Assam.

The total number of deaths for the country are likely higher, since deaths in other states are yet to be tallied and some deaths, especially in rural areas, are not reported, according to Sky News.

At least 58 people died this weekend, as heavy rains Thursday and Friday in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh flooded land and caused houses to collapse, The Associated Press reported Saturday.

India's monsoon season started more than two weeks ahead of schedule on June 29, Reuters reported at the time.

The monsoon season typically lasts until October, according to The Associated Press.

So far, the 2018 season has also displaced hundreds of thousands of people.

In Kerala, 11,750 homes have been damaged and 143,000 people have sought shelter in 1,770 relief camps, The Times of India reported.

In West Bengal, 162,000 people have been impacted and 7,256 houses damaged, while, in Assam, 217,000 displaced people have sought shelter in 270 camps.

The National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) has deployed 43 teams to help regional emergency workers in the affected areas.

In the country's capital of Delhi, more than 3,000 people living in the Yamuna River's floodplain were evacuated after the river rose passed a danger mark, Sky News reported.

In once incident, flooding brought both water and fish into the intensive care unit of the Nalanda Medical College Hospital in the city of Patna in Bihar, The Times of India reported Sunday.

Heavy rains in Bihar began Friday and are expected to continue through August 1.

More than one hundred thousand people have died in floods in India between 1953 and 2017, Sky News reported, and the problem is only expected to get worse with climate change.

Last August, unusually heavy monsoon flooding in India, Bangladesh and Nepal killed at least 1,200 ☠️.

Despite the heavy rains, India is also suffering the worst water crisis in its history, partly because of pollution, waste and mismanagement, but partly also because of changing rainfall patterns linked to climate change.

The two, flooding and drought, are not as contradictory as they initially sound.

"This is the new, turbulent nature of our monsoon," journalist Raghu Karnad wrote for The Guardian after 2017's catastrophic floods, "that we are receiving more and more of our rainfall in extreme doses (which causes floods), and less in between the major deluges, which is when fields are fed and water tables recharged. For India, more flooding and more drought are not two possible futures. Both are here together, already."

https://www.ecowatch.com/537-dead-in-india-monsoon-2591222095.html

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1452 on: July 31, 2018, 06:24:59 pm »


While Puerto Rico’s People Still Suffer the Effects of Hurricane Maria, its Forests Are Faring Much Better

by Thailynn Munroe Thailynn Munroe, Nancy Harris and Tamara Heartsill Scalley - July 31, 2018

         
While Puerto Rico continues to recover from Hurricane Maria, El Yunque National Forest has largely rebounded. Photo by Jami430/Wikimedia Commons

Puerto Rico is no stranger to extreme events. Throughout recorded history, the island has been in the eye path of more than 50 tropical storms. It’s still recovering from last year’s Hurricane Maria as the 2018 hurricane season brings mounting concerns for more storm-related damages.

However, there is one part of the island that is made for resilience— forests.

How Were Puerto Rico’s Forests Affected by Hurricane Maria?

Hurricane Maria passing over Puerto Rico. El Yunque National Forest is highlighted in green.

Hurricane Maria made landfall in Puerto Rico on September 20, 2017 as a Category 4 hurricane, with sustained wind speeds just below 155 mph, gusts of 175-195 mph, and rainfall of up to 38 inches in some areas. The entire island suffered more than $90 billion in damages, the third-costliest hurricane in U.S. history.

The eye of the storm traveled southeast to northwest across the island, placing some of the strongest winds in the storm over Puerto Rico’s largest forest, El Yunque National Forest, also known as the Luquillo Experimental Forest. The forest sits atop a mountain, making it more vulnerable to high winds and landslides after torrential downpours. Data from Global Forest Watch show a 10 percent loss of tree cover in 2017, compared tree cover in 2000; more than 50,000 hectares were affected.


Loss was especially pronounced over areas of higher elevation, as shown in the comparison below.


Immediately after Hurricane Maria hit, El Yunque exhibited de-greening that can be seen clearly in the high-resolution composite satellite images below, collected by Planet. Satellite images also show how quickly the forests have since rebounded. A composite of images from April to June 2018 shows significant regrowth just seven months after the hurricane hit.

 
satellite of images of El Yunque before (left) and after (right) Hurricane Maria. Satellite images via Planet.

How Do We Know Puerto Rico’s Forests Will Recover?

The United States Forest Service (USFS) recently completed a field survey of permanent plots, which they’ve been doing every five years since 1988. Preliminary results this year indicate that while Hurricane Maria blew off foliage and canopy (which registered as tree cover loss on Global Forest Watch), 87 percent of tree trunks are still standing. Though most of the leaves are stripped and many branches snapped, only a small proportion of trees were uprooted or completely felled.

 
photo of El Yunque in 2016 (left), before Hurricane Maria, and 2017 (right), after Hurricane Maria. Photo credit: Sajyasingh/Wikimedia Commons and Mark Davis/US Fish and Wildlife Service

Tropical forests have shown their resilience to severe storms time and again in Puerto Rico and other areas of the world. The Luquillo Experimental Forest in El Yunque is the longest continuously measured tropical forest in the world, with up to 75 years of observations at some sites. Before Hurricane Maria, Hurricane Hugo in 1989 was the most intense storm to make landfall in Puerto Rico in 57 years, with wind speeds of 126 mph and a maximum rainfall of 17 inches. Within just five years of Hugo’s landfall, observations from USFS showed that vegetation health indicators, like aboveground biomass, were similar to readings before the storm. In 10 years, stem density values surpassed those observed before the hurricane.

When Hurricane Georges made landfall in 1998, the forest was still in recovery mode after Hurricane Hugo.  Even still, scientists were hard-pressed to find measurable effects of the storm on the forest structure, other than some branch loss and defoliation in the canopy.

Stripped leaves and fallen branches after a hurricane also create a new layer of rich, organic matter that encourages new tree growth. While the Global Forest Watch platform currently reports only annual tree cover loss, upcoming data on annual tree cover gain, scheduled for release in the coming year, will allow monitoring of regrowth and re-establishment of the tree canopy in El Yunque.

Healthy Trees 🌳 🌴: A Growing Trend in Puerto Rico

Healthy forests provide a multitude of ecosystem services to an island like Puerto Rico, including decreasing the intensity of floods, providing habitats for biodiversity, filtering water, and providing sites for eco-tourism attractions, raw materials and cultural importance. Over the past century, there has been a trend towards reforestation in Puerto Rico. Forests covered just 6 percent of the island in the late 1940s, as trees were cleared to make way for agriculture. But as people emigrated from rural to urban areas and to the U.S. mainland, forests began to flourish again. By 2010, trees covered nearly 50 percent of Puerto Rico. Although we might see short-term damage to trees from storms and other natural disturbances, increasing overall forest cover helps to lessen the severity of extreme events and decreases the amount of time it takes for treesand people—to recover.

http://www.wri.org/blog/2018/07/while-puerto-ricos-people-still-suffer-effects-hurricane-maria-its-forests-are-faring-much-better
He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1453 on: July 31, 2018, 06:43:45 pm »



With 1.2 Billion Members, the Catholic Church Can Lead on Climate Action. Here Are 3 Ways How.

by Kitty van der Heijden Kitty van der Heijden and Alberto Pallecchi - July 26, 2018

SNIPPET:

3) Carbon Neutrality in its Operations and Properties

If you walk the talk, you should also look at your footprint. The Catholic Church has many opportunities to reduce its carbon impact, considering the large amount of properties it manages, including about 223,000 parishes, 140,000 schools, 1,200 universities, and 1,000 healthcare facilities. Furthermore, it owns a considerable amount of land, estimated to be around 180 million acres 👀.

A clear, concrete commitment from the global Catholic Church itself during one of the upcoming climate action convenings, such as committing to a science-based greenhouse gas reduction target, would show how the Church itself translates Laudato Si ambitions into action, and could inspire its faith community, as well as other communities, to be equally ambitious.


To effectively measure and mitigate emissions and enforce carbon-neutrality for the large, globally-scattered holdings of the Church won't be an easy task. It would require the establishment of a GHG emissions inventory, a roadmap for action and close monitoring through tools, reporting and analysis for climate action. But if there was ever a moment to showcase what can (and should) be done in practice to realize the vision and ambition of Laudato Si, it is now.

Full article:

http://www.wri.org/blog/2018/07/12-billion-members-catholic-church-can-lead-climate-action-here-are-3-ways-how
He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #1454 on: August 01, 2018, 09:30:09 pm »

Extreme Heat Could Make One Third of Planet Uninhabitable

August 1, 2018

Climate scientist Michael Mann says that, under a business-as-usual scenario, the mass displacement of vulnerable populations could trigger an unprecedented national security crisis


https://therealnews.com/stories/extreme-heat-could-make-one-third-of-planet-uninhabitable


He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

 

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