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Author Topic: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️  (Read 116330 times)

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AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #855 on: April 09, 2017, 02:07:52 pm »
April 4, 2017 | Rona Fried | Climate Change, Policy



Climate Denial Is Now US Policy


The impact of Trump’s executive order – which unravels all traces of climate change initiatives in the federal government – is already being felt. Climate Change Denial is now US policy.

An empowered Department of Energy (DOE) is showing the most ridiculous display of bravado – telling its Office of International Climate and Clean Energy to no longer use the phrases “climate change,” “emissions reduction” or “Paris Agreement” in written communications, reports Politico.  Even without a “banned word list,” staff at other DOE divisions and the State Department  are also avoiding “hot-button” climate-related terms. The mission to address climate change has been scrubbed from every relevant federal agency, including the State Department, where it was a priority.

An empowered House of Representatives has already passed two bills: The Honest and Open New EPA Science Treatment Act (HONEST Act) restricts EPA from using anything other than publicly available science to justify new regulations.  Another bill directs EPA’s Science Advisory Board – which reviews and advises on scientific research – to include more members from the private sector.



Climate Change Natural Disasters:
NOAA, which faces steep budget cuts

Interior Secretary Zinke immediately reversed the coal leasing moratorium on federal lands. In response, environmental groups and the Northern Cheyenne tribe filed a lawsuit. The tribe wasn’t consulted as law requires, and “Trump upended a public process intended to stop taxpayer losses on coal mined from our public lands where land is auctioned for “pennies on the dollar to coal companies that reap fat profits ruining our land and water,” explains Bill Corcoran of Sierra Club.

36 House Democrats introduced legislation that declares Trump’s executive order null and void (good luck with that!). The “Congressional Leadership in Mitigating Administration Threats to the Earth” (CLIMATE Act) also prohibits federal funds for implementing or enforcing the order.

Benefits for Oil & Gas Companies Exaggerated


Trump’s move to cleanse the US of climate regulations so the oil and gas industry can thrive not only ignores the “energy boom” we already have in efficiency and renewable energy, it doesn’t make much difference for fossil companies. Although they are always happy to make a few more cents, regulations have had little impact on their business.

13 of the 15 biggest producers state in SEC filings that complying with Obama’s regulations had no impact on operations or their financial condition. The other two say they spend less than 3% of revenue on complying, reports Reuters.

So, In exchange for more pollution, drillers make a bit more money. Instead of dropping 28% (the US pledge to the Paris Climate Agreement), US carbon emissions will likely remain flat through 2025, according to one analysis.  But Trump is just getting started – he can do a lot more damage, potentially eliminating tax credits for renewable energy, ignoring the new Montreal Protocol commitment to phase out HFCs, watering down fuel economy vehicle standards, etc.



Details of the Executive Order:

◾rescinds President Obama’s Climate Action Plan – his comprehensive template that guided policy

◾directs the EPA to begin the repeal process of the Clean Power Plan, which cuts emissions from power plants 32% by 2030 – the largest single source of US emissions. It also repeals emissions standards for new power plants. Fact: every industry has pollution controls Except power plants!

◾eliminates regulations that would cut methane emissions from oil and fracking on public land 40% by 2025. Fact: these emissions could easily be captured and sold profitably, but the industry refuses, losing natural gas worth $330 million a year. These emissions make natural gas as bad as coal.

◾lifts the moratorium on new coal mining leases on federal land. Fact: in the last few auctions no company even bid!

◾federal agencies no longer have to cut their own emissions – the goal of 42% by 2025 is gone. They also don’t have to boost use of renewable energy – the goal of using 30% renewables for ALL energy by 2025 is gone.

◾Obama’s visionary order is gone: federal agencies had to establish standards to that development projects have a “net benefit” for our nation’s land, water and wildlife.

◾federal agencies no longer have to consider climate ramifications when planning infrastructure investments or make sure those projects can withstand climate change. They no longer have to incorporate sea level rise projections into planning and construction along US coasts, for example.

◾repeals Obama’s order to publish annual federal subsidies for fossil fuels.

◾repeals requirement for Defense Department to include climate change risks in national security strategies and policies.

◾Every federal agency must identify all regulations and policies that could possibly slow the growth of fossil energy production and develop plans to deal with that in the next 170 days.

While Obama’s executive orders are now repealed, rescinding EPA regulations like the Clean Power Plan and methane emissions won’t be easy. The EPA will have to take the same steps of public hearings and comment periods as Obama’s EPA did to develop the rules in the first place. With the long list of policies Trump wants thrown out, his administration will also be tied up in lawsuits for years.

Lawsuit Filed Against Keystone Pipeline

When Trump gave the State Department 60 days to issue a permit for the Keystone Pipeline, seven environmental groups filed suit.  US law requires an up-to-date comprehensive environmental review that accounts for potential threats to the climate, water resources, wildlife, and communities along the pipeline route.

The biggest threat to the pipeline could come from Nebraska – which never gave TransCanada a permit for a route through the state.  The decision could take up to a year and could easily be denied because of renewed lawsuits from landowners that don’t want a foreign company bullying them with eminent domain. The route also cuts through Sioux treaty lands and is near several other tribal reservations, all of whom say they haven’t been consulted. Meanwhile, a University of Nebraska study projects 91 significant spills from Keystone along its 1,179-mile route.

States Fight Back

17 states plus Washington DC, 5 cities and 1 county have formed a coalition to take legal action. “We’re very confident the EPA can’t simply dismantle the Clean Power Plan and leave nothing in its place,” says New York Attorney General Eric Schneiderman.

The states: New York, Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, Vermont, Maine, Delaware, Maryland, District of Columbia, Virginia, Illinois, Iowa, New Mexico, California, Oregon, Washington, Hawaii. The cities: New York, Philadelphia, Chicago, Boulder, South Miami and Broward County, Florida.

Members of the Mayors National Climate Action Agenda sent an open letter to Trump saying they represent over 41 million Americans in 75 cities: “Climate change is both the greatest single threat we face, and our greatest economic opportunity for our nation.” After affirming their commitment to taking every possible action, they say,  “We are standing up for Americans harmed by climate change: coastal residents confronting erosion and sea level rise; young and old suffering from worsening air pollution and at risk from extreme heatwaves; mountain residents engulfed by wildfires; farmers struggling at harvest time due to drought; and communities across our nation challenged by extreme weather.”

“There is no question that to act on climate is to act in our best economic interests. Through expanded climate policies, we have grown jobs and expanded our economies while cleaning our air. This Order moves our nation in the wrong direction and puts American prosperity at risk,”  state West Coast governors and mayors of Seattle, Portland, San Francisco, Oakland and Los Angeles.

60% of the US pledge in the Paris Climate Agreement can be met by states and business leaders, says the Sierra Club. The Clean Power Plan alone would have met 15% of the goal to reduce greenhouse gases 28% by 2025.

http://www.sustainablebusiness.com/climate-denial-now-us-policy/

Agelbert NOTE: The Fossil Fuel Industry Business Model is now US Policy. Have a nice day.


Now for some prophecy about Earth in the year 2114 and the Biosphere:   

4K | Biosphere Full - Director's Extended Cut

  New!!!
Biosphere | Broadcast TV version - Remastered Picture and Sound with New Unreleased Footage.






He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #856 on: April 09, 2017, 08:47:03 pm »
Climate Change Extreme Weather Events 

Climate Change - Future Change | Know About Weather, Facts, Effects, Climate Condition

Published on Oct 20, 2015

Climate change is a change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns when that change lasts for an extended period of time. Climate change may refer to a change in average weather conditions, or in the time variation of weather around longer-term average conditions (i.e., more or fewer extreme weather events). Climate change is caused by factors such as biotic processes, variations in solar radiation received by Earth, plate tectonics, and volcanic eruptions. Certain human activities have also been identified as significant causes of recent climate change, often referred to as "global warming".

Scientists actively work to understand past and future climate by using observations and theoretical models. A climate record—extending deep into the Earth's past—has been assembled, and continues to be built up, based on geological evidence from borehole temperature profiles, cores removed from deep accumulations of ice, floral and faunal records, glacial and periglacial processes, stable-isotope and other analyses of sediment layers, and records of past sea levels. More recent data are provided by the instrumental record. General circulation models, based on the physical sciences, are often used in theoretical approaches to match past climate data, make future projections, and link causes and effects in climate change.

« Last Edit: April 09, 2017, 10:23:04 pm by AGelbert »
He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #857 on: April 10, 2017, 01:40:54 pm »
Agelbert NOTE: This October 2016 article is every bit as much required reading today as it was before the Trump Wrecking Crew conned their way into the White House.

Quote
The only thing the scientists didn’t mention is that this attitude is not just Trump’s. It is embraced by almost the entire Republican party.

Previously, climate scientists have said these policies show “incredible ignorance” and constitute “an existential threat to this planet.”

2015 was hotter and 2016 will be the hottest year yet:



He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #858 on: April 15, 2017, 04:28:45 pm »


'First Protest in Space' Slams Trump With Astronaut's Famous Quote


As President Donald Trump takes aim at Earth science with his proposed NASA cuts, the Autonomous Space Agency Network (ASAN) has launched the "first protest in space."

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The independent space agency, which advocates for DIY space exploration, launched a weather balloon 90,000 feet above Earth carrying a rude tweet directed at Trump's frequently used Twitter handle, literally taking the act of protesting the president to new heights:

"@realDonaldTrump LOOK AT THAT, YOU SON OF A B I T C H"

The balloon lifted off on April 12, or Yuri's Night, named for Yuri Gagarin, the first human to launch into space.

The missive was in reference to the words of the late Edgar Mitchell, NASA astronaut and sixth person to walk on the moon, who once said about his humbling experience in space:


Quote
"From out there on the Moon, international politics look so petty. You want to grab a politician by the scruff of the neck and drag him a quarter of a million miles out and say, 'Look at that, you son of a b i t c h.'"

ASAN's feat was also in solidarity with the upcoming March for Science on April 22, Earth Day.

In case you are wondering, it does not actually cost that much to send a tweet to space. The whole operation only set back ASAN $750 for two helium tanks, 160 cubic feet of helium, a camera and a balloon.

Trump's reaction, if he were to see the suborbital slam, is sure to be priceless.  

Watch the whole execution here:


http://www.ecowatch.com/space-protest-trump-2360853514.html

Agelbert NOTE: In other different, but totally related, news, Pruitt needs money for 24/7 bodyguards. I can't imagine why....


Pruitt Requests Funds for 24/7 Fleet of Bodyguards as Climate Deniers    Demand More Action

http://www.ecowatch.com/pruitt-bodyguards-climate-deniers-2359009625.html
He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #859 on: April 17, 2017, 05:49:53 pm »
Fantastic graphics showing how the Earth works (from space)
How the earth works from space




He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #860 on: April 18, 2017, 01:36:28 pm »
2017-04-16 - Global storm intensity rising with wrong seasons in wrong places:
http://www.sott.net/article/348344-Global-storm-intensity-rising-with-wrong-seasons-in-wrong-places


I just watched that video. AZ. This guy detailed a bunch of accurate information on increasing storm cell intensity throughout the world and then TOTALLY FAILED to understand that the ONLY REASON storm cell intensity increases is BECAUSE of EXTRA FREE ENERGY IN THE ATMOSPHERE! Extra free energy is EXCLUSIVELY the result of an INCREASE in average global temperatures! It's totally irrational, as well as disingenuous, to connect this with a "mini ice age".

2015 was hotter and 2016 is the hottest year yet:


AZ, this "new mini ice age" guy is a lying propagandist BULLSHIT ARTIST. Every news item he posted in his video, INCLUDING the cold waves clashing with heat waves, is a GLOBAL WARMING indicator, not a cooling indicator.

The guy that made that video is one of THESE BASTARDS:


He needs to get the SAME MESSAGE recently given to Trump:


'First Protest in Space' Slams Trump With Astronaut's Famous Quote


As President Donald Trump takes aim at Earth science with his proposed NASA cuts, the Autonomous Space Agency Network (ASAN) has launched the "first protest in space."

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The independent space agency, which advocates for DIY space exploration, launched a weather balloon 90,000 feet above Earth carrying a rude tweet directed at Trump's frequently used Twitter handle, literally taking the act of protesting the president to new heights:

"@realDonaldTrump LOOK AT THAT, YOU SON OF A B I T C H"

The balloon lifted off on April 12, or Yuri's Night, named for Yuri Gagarin, the first human to launch into space.

The missive was in reference to the words of the late Edgar Mitchell, NASA astronaut and sixth person to walk on the moon, who once said about his humbling experience in space:


Quote
"From out there on the Moon, international politics look so petty. You want to grab a politician by the scruff of the neck and drag him a quarter of a million miles out and say, 'Look at that, you son of a b i t c h.'"

ASAN's feat was also in solidarity with the upcoming March for Science on April 22, Earth Day.

In case you are wondering, it does not actually cost that much to send a tweet to space. The whole operation only set back ASAN $750 for two helium tanks, 160 cubic feet of helium, a camera and a balloon.

Trump's reaction, if he were to see the suborbital slam, is sure to be priceless.  

Watch the whole execution here:


http://www.ecowatch.com/space-protest-trump-2360853514.html

Agelbert NOTE: In other different, but totally related, news, Pruitt needs money for 24/7 bodyguards. I can't imagine why....


Pruitt Requests Funds for 24/7 Fleet of Bodyguards as Climate Deniers    Demand More Action

http://www.ecowatch.com/pruitt-bodyguards-climate-deniers-2359009625.html

He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #861 on: April 18, 2017, 07:06:27 pm »
Quote
Eddie : Wow. Hmm. Bring it on


And not a moment too soon.   8)




NASA snaps picture of huge crack in Greenland ice shelf

Mihai Andrei April 17, 2017

An unexpected crack has emerged across a giant Greenland glacier, raising concerns that a big chunk of the glacier might splinter off into the ocean.

Image credits: NASA.

Petermann Glacier is a large glacier located in North-West Greenland. It consists of a 70 km (43 mi) long and 15 km (9.3 mi) wide floating ice tongue with a thickness varying from 600 m (2,000 ft) at its grounding line to about 30–80 metres (98–262 ft) at its front. The glacier was first monitored from 2002 through 2009, when a series of satellite images showed that several rifts and cracks were starting to emerge on the glacier, largely due to rising temperatures. A large chunk estimated to be 100 square miles (260 km2) calved in 2010, and now, scientists are worried about a new such event — or potentially, an even larger one. If the two were to merge, then they could break off more than half of the iceberg.

“Last week, an ice sheet covering 100 square miles broke off Greenland,” then-Rep. Edward J. Markey (D-Mass.), the chairman of the Select Committee on Energy Independence and Global Warming, said of the 2010 calving. “This giant ice island is more than four times the size of Manhattan. It is the largest piece of Arctic ice to break free in nearly half a century.”

Researchers working with NASA as part of the IceBridge operation captured the photo above, clearly showing that a new rift has opened near the center of the glacier’s floating ice shelf — relatively close to another, even larger rift which is slowly extending towards the glacier’s center. This new crack is quite bizarre, especially due to its location.

The crack’s estimated depth. Image credits: NASA.

New cracks typically emerge on the extremity of the iceberg, as it interacts with the warmer water and partially starts to melt. But this one is very close to the center of the glacier, suggesting a different mechanism is to blame here. At the moment, it’s not clear what this mechanism is, though Stef Lhermitte, an associate professor at Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands who discovered the crack, suggests the cause might be warmer weather beneath the glacier.

It’s also not clear whether or not the glacier will calve but if it does, the resulting chunk will likely be approximately 50 to 70 square miles in size (130 – 180 square km). This would not raise sea levels as the ice is already floating on the surface of water but it would make room for new ice to begin flowing into the sea which could increase sea levels slightly.

http://www.zmescience.com/science/news-science/nasa-greenland-glacier-calve-17042017/
He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #862 on: April 20, 2017, 03:05:49 pm »

Antarctica is covered in hundreds of meltwater rivers and streams, and we had no idea this was happening

Tibi Puiu April 20, 2017

The first continent-wide survey of meltwater on Antarctica found alarming high numbers of pools, ponds, channels, rivers, and streams flowing across all sides of the continent. Scientists have always known that the Antarctic Western Peninsula is melting at an alarmingly high rate but they didn’t expect the whole continent to be awash with meltwater during the ephemeral summer.

An enormous waterfall gushes off the Nansen Ice Shelf. Credit: Jonathan Kingslake


700 rivers, ponds, and streams cover the entire continent during Antarctic summer

The team, led by Jonathan Kingslake, a glaciologist at Columbia University’s Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, combed through both aerial photography and satellite imagery of Antarctica from when the first very first records started onward. Some of the photos taken by military aircraft are as old as 70 years while the satellite imagery was assessed from 1973 onward.

What they found surprised everyone. During the summer, which corresponds to the Northern latitude winter, an extensive network of some 700 rivers, channels, and streams pop up. Some of these meltwater flows occur even at southern latitudes where scientists thought liquid water couldn’t flow. In some cases, some parts of the water network had existed for decades.

The scale of the summer melting is staggering. This photo was taken by NASA’s Landsat 4 satellite. We’re looking at 520 square miles of East Antarctica’s Amery Ice Shelf. Credit: NASA.

It’s not clear yet from the data whether the meltwater rivers have been growing. Follow-up observations might reveal more but, for now, there’s no reason to think the Antarctic summer springs and rivers have been growing, Kingslake said.
 
According to the survey which was documented in two papers published in the journal Nature (one and two), some of the meltwater bodies can grow to gargantuan proportions. Some ponds were 50 miles long, fed by streams which carried as much water as the Hudson river. There are even waterfalls such as the one where meltwater drains into the ocean at the edge of the Nansen Ice Shelf. You can see amazing footage of the drainage system in question below.


There are various mechanisms through which the meltwater network forms during the Antarctic summer. Some of the regions form after winds blow surface snow and expose the dark ice below which absorbs more sunlight. Once this happens, a feedback loop is triggered where the melting ice starts exposing more dark ice as the water flows through the snow. In other regions, the meltwater surfaces around rocky mountain outcroppings which peak out of the ice.

(Antarctica graphic at article link)
Much of Antarctica’s ice is littered with seasonally flowing meltwater streams. Each “X” shows where an individual drainage system was identified. Until recently, scientists used to think these features are confined to the northern Antarctic Peninsula, on the upper left of the map. Credit: Nature, 2017.

Because the water freezes back once the temperature takes a dip, it’s not thought that the meltwater has a considerable influence on Antarctic ice levels. However, as average temperatures continue to rise, meltwater will only get more widespread, potentially threatening the integrity of ice shelves. The 12,000-year-old Larsen Ice Shelf famously collapsed due to warm water beneath. Other ice shelves might meet a similar fate according to some climate models. If more collapse, inland glaciers currently blocked by the ice shelves could be free to migrate to the open ocean, where they’d melt and rise the sea level.

http://www.zmescience.com/science/news-science/antarctica-rivers-34423/
He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #863 on: April 21, 2017, 01:00:49 pm »


March 21, 2017

PhDelightful: March for Science Tomorrow!

After months of organizing, tomorrow’s the big day. Scientists and fans of evidence and truth, reality, and not being deliberately ignorant will join together to march for science in 500+ cities around the world. We’ve shared our thoughts on the March along the way. Towards the end of a particularly philosophical piece, David Roberts captures our thinking pretty well: the Koch-funded right has spent decades politicizing science. It’s well past time scientists fight back.

The amount of (digital) ink that’s been spilled on this topic has been impressive, and videos like Neil DeGrasse-Tyson’s are certainly inspirational. But beyond there’s also been plenty of grassroots action that's well deserving of praise. In the last week alone we’ve seen op-eds on the March from across the country--Louisiana, Wyoming, Alabama, Connecticut, New Jersey, Florida, New Jersey again, Pennsylvania, Florida again, Missouri, Maryland, and a third in Florida--featuring a surprisingly strong showing in red states.

But of course, not everyone is as enthusiastic as the scientists and students writing into local papers. The forces of anti-science are upset that their climate denial and evolution denial are being excluded, with someone from the creationist Discovery Institute calling it a “March for Conformity.” Similarly, the Friends of [junk] Science put out a short video with the same line of attack.

The idea that a pro-science event should include those who get paid to cast doubt on science is obviously pretty funny, but since they don’t seem to get the irony of their request, it's also slightly sad. Less funny is CEI’s attempt at being funny, in the form of a new blog post with a handful of so-called jokes about the marchers. WUWT reblogged the post, and its commenters also tried their hand at comedy.

Let’s just say their sense of humor is as keen as their sense of irony and self-awareness, none of which is any better than their sense of what’s credible science.

If you'll be marching in DC, be sure to find the Climate Nexus booth and tell our digital team your story! We’ll be at 15th & Constitution from 10:30-12:30, then in front of the Natural History Museum from 2:30-4, so stop by for your shot at social media infamy.

And if you see signs that say “Don’t greenhouse gaslight us!” or “DeNile belongs in Egypt, not the White House!” or “We are the Knights who say NIH!” or “Think Science is in trouble? Here’s  your sine…” then you’re looking at yours truly and family, so come say hi! Or don’t: meeting your heroes can be disappointing. (Now THAT is a joke!)  ;D

https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2017/4/19/15282820/march-for-science-political

He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #864 on: April 21, 2017, 07:15:03 pm »

The "Value" of recoverable crude oil  and The Unburnable Carbon Quandary


I calculated a couple of years ago that the value of all the estimated recoverable crude oil in all the oil fields in the world was only worth 20 trillion USD or so at current prices. This did not include tight oil only recoverable with fracking, but it's a number that says a lot about the debt level and the likelihood of it ever being paid back.

We are all dead if they even get to burn a tenth of that oil...




But we get to die from lots of other profit over planet  reasons even before that.   :P

Here’s where you’re most likely to die from air pollution

But don't worry, Pruitt and Trump have a plan....
He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

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He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #867 on: April 24, 2017, 04:51:56 pm »
The Weather App on my Smart Phone tells me it is currently 55F on my back porch.  So at least for today when I go out to smoke a Cancerette, I won't die from Heat Stroke.

I got more proximal Death Vectors on my plate to worry about at the moment.

1- My own personal Health issues will kill me.

2- The monetary system will crash and there will be no Ribeye Steaks in the freezer at 3 Bears when I run out of the ones in my own freezer a year or so after TSHTF.

3- The Donald will pitch a Thermonuclear Bomb on Moscow because Vlad the Impaler will not give him any more Golden Showers.

RE

True. You folks in Alaska will never have a heat problem. The Floridians, howevah, on the off chance that WW3 doesn't break out before that, are STILL in for a WORLD of hurt long before the rest of us.  ;D

Agelbert NOTE: Republican Climate Change Denying Florida will eventually be swamped by the ocean, not just from sea level rise, but much sooner by SINKING from a DISSOLVING coral base.
There is a God.

How an Argument Led to a Big Discovery: An Interview with USGS Scientist Kim Yates

Posted On April 24, 2017 by Sarah Cooley

Dr. Kim Yates, research oceanographer with the U.S. Geological Survey. Credit: Benjamin Drummond for Ocean Conservancy. (at article link)

The Ocean Conservancy ocean acidification team has spent time in Florida over the past year talking with fishermen and scientists to better understand how changes in ocean chemistry are affecting Florida’s coastal communities and its marine resources, including its iconic coral reefs and fish. On our most recent visit, we interviewed Dr. Kim Yates, an oceanographer with the U.S. Geological Survey, who is an expert on ocean acidification impacts on coral reef ecosystems about vanishing sea floors and how arguing with a boat captain led her to a major scientific discovery.

Ocean Conservancy: Dr. Yates, how does ocean acidification affect coral reefs and the ecosystems around them?

Dr. Kim Yates: The animals that create coral reefs thrive in a particular range of pH and carbonate, which is a chemical they use to help build their skeletons. Reefs provide habitat for fish and other reef life, but the skeletons of reef organisms also naturally break down and make sand. And much of that sand supports a lot of ecosystems around the reef. That sand also helps nourish beaches along coral reef coastlines. Ocean acidification causes reefs to slow down their growth rate, and when that happens, they don’t break down into as much sand that supports the surrounding ecosystems and even the beaches. And when the pH of seawater decreases from ocean acidification, it can actually even cause the sand that’s made out of that carbonate material to start dissolving.

OC: But corals only border some areas of Florida. Why should the whole state pay attention to ocean acidification?  ???

KY: One of the most unique and interesting things about the state of Florida is that our entire state sits on top of what we call a carbonate platform, or rock made out of the same material as coral skeletons. We don’t know how ocean acidification is going to affect the bedrock that supports our entire state. When ocean acidification decreases the pH of seawater, it can cause that carbonate material to dissolve. So this problem of ocean acidification is not just localized to our coral reefs, or to our shellfish beds, it’s a statewide problem for Florida.

OC: What inspired you to look at Florida’s bedrock and sand, and not just living corals?

KY: That research actually started with an argument I had with a boat captain. One day we were working out in the Florida Keys on a reef and I was snorkeling around, looking for a place to put some instrumentation down on the sea floor. And the captain told me to motion to him when I found a good place and he would bring to boat over, close enough so we could put the instrumentation on the sea floor. So I looked around, and I found the spot, and I motioned to the boat captain, but the boat captain wouldn’t come over. And so I motioned to the boat captain again and he still wouldn’t come over. And so, somewhat frustrated, I swam all the way back to the boat and I said, “Captain, you told me to let you know when I wanted you to come over and anchor the boat. And you wouldn’t come. What’s going on?” He said, “I can’t bring the boat over there. It’s only two feet deep.” I looked at him and said, “No, there’s 12 feet of water over there.” And he said, “No there’s not,” and he pulled out the chart, and he laid it on the table and said, “See, it’s only 2 feet deep.” Sure enough, the chart said two feet deep. I had to put him in the water and swim him over to show him there was actually 12 feet of water there.  :o

Thinking about it later, I realized there was either a serious problem with the nautical chart or we were missing ten feet of sea floor in that location. As it turns out, many modern day nautical charts actually combine sea floor or water depth data from decades past. So if you’re looking at a 2010 nautical chart, it might combine data measured by hand from the 1870s and the 1930s and the 1950s as well as modern data measured by satellite. And so we launched a large-scale investigation, comparing all of the historical water depth data to modern elevation data.

Dr. Yates prepares her equipment to collect data. Photo Credit: Benjamin Drummond for Ocean Conservancy. (at article link)

OC: What did your research show?

KY: We discovered that coral reef degradation in Florida has caused a dramatic decrease in regional sea floor elevation. In other words, coral reef breakdown is flattening the sea floor.

But coral reefs and a bumpy sea floor are important for slowing down big waves. When you stand on a beach and watch surfers, they are usually way offshore because that’s where the big waves are. You can see those big waves breaking offshore, and the surfers ride them as they are breaking. But, by the time the waves reach the beach where you are standing, they are much smaller. That’s because coral reef structure and shallow seafloor breaks the big waves up offshore before they make it to the beach. When you lose that shallow seafloor or coral reef structure, or both, those big waves can make it to the beach before they break up. There, they will cause more erosion and damage along the coastline. The shallow seafloor and coral reefs act as a natural barrier that breaks up large waves before they hit the coastline.

South Florida is particularly vulnerable to sea level rise because the highest areas on land in the Florida Keys are only about six feet above sea level. So when you have incoming storm waves, everyday waves and coastal erosion, it’s much more concerning when you’re only living about six feet above sea level. Reefs are a key defense protecting us from ocean waves. Our research is going to help USGS better predict how these changes are going to affect these coastal communities today and into the future.

Dr. Yates’ research made the front page of the Miami Herald on April 21. Learn more about how she and her fellow scientists have uncovered the phenomenon of a vanishing sea floor off the coast of Florida.

http://blog.oceanconservancy.org/2017/04/24/how-an-argument-led-to-a-big-discovery-an-interview-with-usgs-scientist-kim-yates/#more-14228

Bull market in boat houses coming soon to Florida. 
He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #868 on: April 24, 2017, 05:54:33 pm »
True. You folks in Alaska will never have a heat problem. The Floridians, howevah, on the off chance that WW3 doesn't break out before that, are STILL in for a WORLD of hurt long before the rest of us.  ;D

Florida is NOT a good choice as a Retirement Collapse Hole!

If you want to play golf for a few X-tra years before you go personally EXTINCT, we have some decent links here in the Matanuska-Susitna River Valley.   


Palmer, AK Golf Course
I can get there on my Ewz!

RE

  


Check out this economic info from Prof. Wolff. This guy has more common sense than most economists out there.


In this educational video Richard Wolff, a University of Massachusetts professor of economics emeritus, Marxist economist and founder of Democracy at Work, defines public debt and explains the process of printing money. Professor Wolff also talks about the role that corporate banks play in this system as well as how politicians exploit the mechanism of money printing in order to garner political capital or justify going to wars.

http://www.truth-out.org/news/item/40328-richard-wolff-on-public-debt-printing-money-and-how-governments-pay-for-wars
He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

AGelbert

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Re: 🚩 Global Climate Chaos ☠️
« Reply #869 on: April 26, 2017, 07:18:29 pm »
Quickening Arctic Thaw Could Cost Trillions, International Study Says

April 25, 2017 by Reuters

ReutersBy Alister Doyle, Environment Correspondent

OSLO, April 25 (Reuters) – The Arctic’s quickening thaw is melting the permafrost under buildings and roads from Siberia to Alaska, raising world sea levels and disrupting temperature patterns further south, an international study said on Tuesday.

The frigid region’s shift to warmer and wetter conditions, resulting in melting ice around the region, may cost the world economy trillions of dollars this century, it estimated.

The report by 90 scientists, including United States experts, urged governments with interests in the Arctic to cut greenhouse gas emissions. U.S. President Donald Trump doubts that human activities, led by use of fossil fuels, are the main driver of climate change.

“The Arctic is warming faster than any other region on Earth, and rapidly becoming a warmer, wetter and more variable environment,” according to the study, which updates scientific findings from 2011.

“Increasing greenhouse gas emissions from human activities are the primary underlying cause,” they wrote in the study commissioned by the Arctic Council grouping the United States, Russia, Canada, Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Finland and Iceland.

Arctic warming could have cumulative net costs from 2010-2100 of between $7 trillion and $90 trillion, it said, with harm exceeding benefits such as easier access for oil and gas exploration and shipping, it said.

The period 2011-2015 was the warmest since records began in 1900. Sea ice on the Arctic Ocean, which shrank to a record low in 2012, could disappear in summers by the 2030s, earlier than many earlier projections, it said.


ACCELERATING MELT

“The Arctic is continuing to melt, and it’s going faster than expected in 2011,” Lars-Otto Reiersen, head of the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP) which prepared the report, told Reuters.

Among signs of harm, thawing permafrost has triggered more landslides at Russia’s Bovanenkovo gas field in Siberia. Rare warmth and spring floods closed the highway to Alaska’s North Slope oilfields for three weeks in 2015.

Further inland in Alaska, though, there have been drier conditions, meaning wildfires were worse there now than at any time in the past 10,000 years, it said.

Rising temperatures are threatening livelihoods of indigenous hunters and thinning sea ice vital to wildlife such as polar bears and seals.

The Arctic is warming fast partly because snow and ice reflect the sun’s faint heat into space. The thaw exposes ever more darker-colored sea water and ground that absorb more of the sun’s heat, in turn accelerating the melt.

Walt Meier, a NASA scientist who was among the authors, said there was also new evidence since 2011 that the thickest Arctic sea ice, which survives multiple summers, was breaking up.

“Multi-year ice used to be a big consolidated pack. It’s almost like a big thick ice cube versus a bunch of crushed ice. When you warm the water, the crushed ice melts a lot quicker,” he told Reuters.

Among recommendations, the report said Arctic states and those interested in the region “should lead … global efforts for an early, ambitious and full implementation” of a Paris Agreement in 2015 among almost 200 nations to limit warming.

Reiersen at AMAP said that appeal for action was similar to ones issued in the past by Arctic governments. The eight Arctic Council nations are due to hold a meeting of foreign ministers in Fairbanks, Alaska, on May 11.

But it is unclear if the scientists’ advice will be heeded in the conclusions of the U.S.-led meeting.

Trump threatened in his campaign to withdraw from the Paris Agreement and has sometimes tweeted that global warming is a hoax, preferring to bolster the U.S. fossil fuel industry. (Reporting by Alister Doyle; Editing by Tom Heneghan)

(c) Copyright Thomson Reuters 2017.

http://gcaptain.com/quickening-arctic-thaw-could-cost-trillions-report/


If you think the economy is more important than the environment, try holding your breath while counting your money." - Professor Guy McPherson
He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. Matt 10:37

 

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